题目
Problem
The polynomial 2x3+ax2+bx+6, where a and b are constants, is denoted by p(x). When p(x) is divided by (x+2) the remainder is −38 and when p(x) is divided by (2x−1) the remainder is 219.
Find the values of a and b.
(5)
题目中文翻译
多项式 2x3+ax2+bx+6 记为 p(x),其中 a 和 b 为常数。p(x) 除以 (x+2) 的余数为 −38,除以 (2x−1) 的余数为 219。
求 a 和 b 的值。
(5)
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
解法一
思路
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用余式定理分别代入除式的零点 −2 与 1/2,得到两个一次方程。
答题过程
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By the remainder theorem, p(−2)=−38, so
2(−2)3+a(−2)2+b(−2)+6=−38.
Hence
4a−2b=2a−b=−28,−14.
Also p(1/2)=19/2, giving
41+4a+2b+6=219.
Multiplying by 4 gives a+2b=13. From 2a−b=−14, b=2a+14. Thus
a+2(2a+14)=5a=13,−15.
Therefore a=−3,b=8.