题目
Problem
The equation of a curve is x3+y2+3x2+3y=4.
(a) Show that dxdy=−2y+33x2+6x.
(3)
(b) Hence find the coordinates of the points on the curve at which the tangent is parallel to the x-axis.
(5)
题目中文翻译
一条曲线的方程为 x3+y2+3x2+3y=4。
(a) 证明 dxdy=−2y+33x2+6x。
(3)
(b) 由此求曲线上切线平行于 x 轴的各点的坐标。
(5)
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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对 y2 与 3y 求导时均须乘以 dy/dx。收集导数项,保持目标式的整体负号。
答题过程
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Differentiating implicitly,
3x2+2ydxdy+6x+3dxdy=0.
Therefore
(2y+3)dxdy=−(3x2+6x),
so
dxdy=−2y+33x2+6x.
(b)
解法一
思路
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水平切线要求导数分子为零。两个横坐标分别代回曲线,每个都对应两个纵坐标;最后检查分母不为零。
答题过程
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For a tangent parallel to the x-axis,
3x2+6x=3x(x+2)=0.
Thus x=0 or x=−2.
If x=0, the curve equation gives
y2+3y=(y−1)(y+4)=4,0,
so y=1 or y=−4.
If x=−2,
−8+y2+12+3y=y(y+3)=4,0,
so y=0 or y=−3.
At all four points, 2y+3=0, so the derivative is indeed zero. The points are
(0,1), (0,−4), (−2,0), (−2,−3).