Skip to content
CalcGospel 國際數學圖譜
返回

CIE 9709 2024 November Paper 33 Q10

A Level / CIE / P3

CIE 9709 2024 Nov Paper 33 Paper · Question 10

题目

Problem

A water tank is in the shape of a cuboid with base area 40 000 cm240\,000\text{ cm}^2. At time tt minutes the depth of water in the tank is h cmh\text{ cm}. Water is pumped into the tank at a rate of 50 000 cm350\,000\text{ cm}^3 per minute. Water is leaking out of the tank through a hole in the bottom at a rate of 600h cm3600h\text{ cm}^3 per minute.

(a) Show that 200dhdt=250−3h200\frac{\mathrm{d}h}{\mathrm{d}t}=250-3h.

(3)

(b) It is given that when t=0t=0, h=50h=50.

Find the time taken for the depth of water in the tank to reach 80 cm80\text{ cm}. Give your answer correct to 22 significant figures.

(5)
题目中文翻译

一个长方体水箱的底面积为 40 000 cm240\,000\text{ cm}^2。在时刻 tt 分钟,水箱内的水深为 h cmh\text{ cm}。水以每分钟 50 000 cm350\,000\text{ cm}^3 的速率被泵入水箱。同时,水通过水箱底部的一个孔,以每分钟 600h cm3600h\text{ cm}^3 的速率漏出。

(a) 证明 200dhdt=250−3h200\frac{\mathrm{d}h}{\mathrm{d}t}=250-3h。

(3)

(b) 已知当 t=0t=0 时,h=50h=50。

求水箱内的水深达到 80 cm80\text{ cm} 所需的时间。答案保留 22 位有效数字。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

用底面积把体积写成水深的函数,再以流入减流出表示净变化率。

答题过程

展开

The volume is V=40000hV=40000h, so

dVdt=40000dhdt.\frac{\mathrm{d}V}{\mathrm{d}t} =40000\frac{\mathrm{d}h}{\mathrm{d}t}.

The net inflow rate is

dVdt=50000−600h.\frac{\mathrm{d}V}{\mathrm{d}t}=50000-600h.

Equating these expressions and dividing by 200200,

200dhdt=250−3h.\boxed{200\frac{\mathrm{d}h}{\mathrm{d}t}=250-3h}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

分离变量后积分,初值确定常数。目标水深低于平衡深度,所以所用对数真数为正。

答题过程

展开

Separating variables,

1250−3h dh=1200 dt.\frac1{250-3h}\,\mathrm{d}h=\frac1{200}\,\mathrm{d}t.

Using ∫(250−3h)−1 dh=−13ln⁡∣250−3h∣+C1\int(250-3h)^{-1}\,\mathrm{d}h=-\frac13\ln|250-3h|+C_1, the separated equation integrates to

−13ln⁡∣250−3h∣=t200+C.-\frac13\ln|250-3h|=\frac t{200}+C.

Using h=50h=50 at t=0t=0 gives C=−13ln⁡100C=-\frac13\ln100.

For 50⩽h⩽80<250/350\leqslant h\leqslant80<250/3, 250−3h>0250-3h>0. Hence

t=2003ln⁡100250−3h.t=\frac{200}{3}\ln\frac{100}{250-3h}.

When h=80h=80,

t=2003ln⁡10=153.505….t=\frac{200}{3}\ln10=153.505\ldots.

To 2 significant figures, the required time is 150 minutes\boxed{150\text{ minutes}}.