题目
Let .
(a) Show that if a sequence of values given by the iterative formula
converges, then it converges to a root of the equation .
(b) The equation has a root close to .
Use the iterative formula from part (a) and an initial value of to determine the root correct to decimal places. Give the result of each iteration to decimal places.
题目中文翻译
设 。
(a) 证明:如果由迭代公式
给出的数列收敛,那么它收敛于方程 的一个根。
(b) 此方程有一个接近 的根。
使用 (a) 问中的迭代公式,以 为初始值,求此根,结果保留 位小数。每次迭代的结果保留 位小数。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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收敛极限满足不动点方程,平方后去分母即可恢复原多项式方程。
答题过程
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Squaring the recurrence and multiplying by its denominator gives, for every iteration,
If , then also . Taking limits in this polynomial relation gives
Thus , so the sequence converges to a root of .
(b)
解法一
思路
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使用指定初值 ,计算保留完整精度,输出四位小数。
答题过程
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Starting with the required , apply
The iterations are
| to 4 decimal places | |
|---|---|
| 0 | 1.2000 |
| 1 | 1.2403 |
| 2 | 1.2601 |
| 3 | 1.2700 |
| 4 | 1.2752 |
| 5 | 1.2778 |
| 6 | 1.2792 |
| 7 | 1.2800 |
| 8 | 1.2804 |
Hence the root is to 2 decimal places.