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CIE 9709 2024 November Paper 33 Q8

A Level / CIE / P3

CIE 9709 2024 Nov Paper 33 Paper · Question 8

题目

Problem

Let f(x)=7a2(a−2x)(3a+x)\mathrm{f}(x)=\dfrac{7a^2}{(a-2x)(3a+x)}, where aa is a positive constant.

(a) Express f(x)\mathrm{f}(x) in partial fractions.

(3)

(b) Hence obtain the expansion of f(x)\mathrm{f}(x) in ascending powers of xx, up to and including the term in x2x^2.

(4)

(c) State the set of values of xx for which the expansion in part (b) is valid.

(1)
题目中文翻译

设 f(x)=7a2(a−2x)(3a+x)\mathrm{f}(x)=\dfrac{7a^2}{(a-2x)(3a+x)},其中 aa 为正常数。

(a) 将 f(x)\mathrm{f}(x) 表示为部分分式。

(3)

(b) 由此将 f(x)\mathrm{f}(x) 按 xx 的升幂展开,直至并包括 x2x^2 项。

(4)

(c) 写出使 (b) 问中的展开式成立的 xx 的取值集合。

(1)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

对两个一次因式设常数分子,代入它们的根分别求系数。

答题过程

展开

Write

f(x)=Aa−2x+B3a+x.f(x)=\frac A{a-2x}+\frac B{3a+x}.

Then

7a2=A(3a+x)+B(a−2x).7a^2=A(3a+x)+B(a-2x).

Putting x=a/2x=a/2 gives 7a2=(7a/2)A7a^2=(7a/2)A, so A=2aA=2a.

Putting x=−3ax=-3a gives 7a2=7aB7a^2=7aB, so B=aB=a. Hence

f(x)=2aa−2x+a3a+x.\boxed{f(x)=\frac{2a}{a-2x}+\frac a{3a+x}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

沿用(a),把两项各自展开,再合并系数。

答题过程

展开

From (a),

2aa−2x= 2(1−2xa)−1= 2+4xa+8x2a2+⋯ ,\begin{align*} \frac{2a}{a-2x} =&\,2\bigg(1-\frac{2x}{a}\bigg)^{-1}\\[4mm] =&\,2+\frac{4x}{a}+\frac{8x^2}{a^2}+\cdots, \end{align*}

and

a3a+x= 13(1+x3a)−1= 13−x9a+x227a2+⋯ .\begin{align*} \frac a{3a+x} =&\,\frac13\bigg(1+\frac{x}{3a}\bigg)^{-1}\\[4mm] =&\,\frac13-\frac{x}{9a}+\frac{x^2}{27a^2}+\cdots. \end{align*}

Adding,

f(x)= 73+(4−19)xa +(8+127)x2a2+⋯= 73+35x9a+217x227a2+⋯.\begin{align*} f(x)=&\,\frac73+\bigg(4-\frac19\bigg)\frac xa\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{2pt}+\bigg(8+\frac1{27}\bigg)\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\cdots\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{\frac73+\frac{35x}{9a}+\frac{217x^2}{27a^2}+\cdots}. \end{align*}

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

两个展开条件取交集。

答题过程

展开

The conditions are ∣2x/a∣<1|2x/a|<1 and ∣x/(3a)∣<1|x/(3a)|<1. Since a>0a>0, both hold when

−a2<x<a2.\boxed{-\frac a2<x<\frac a2}.