题目
The variables and satisfy the equation , where and are constants.
(a) Show that the graph of against is a straight line.
(b) When , and when , .
Find the value of and the value of . Give your answers correct to significant figures.
题目中文翻译
变量 和 满足方程 ,其中 和 为常数。
(a) 证明 对 的图像是一条直线。
(b) 当 时,;当 时,。
求 和 的值。答案保留 位有效数字。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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取自然对数后,纵变量 与横变量 满足一次函数关系。
答题过程
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Taking natural logarithms of ,
Thus
This has the form with and , so the graph is a straight line with gradient and intercept .
(b)
解法一
思路
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由两点先求直线斜率,即 。代回一点求 ,最后指数化;中间不提前舍入。
答题过程
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The two given points satisfy
Subtracting the first equation from the second, the gradient is
Hence
Using the first point,
so
To 2 significant figures,