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CIE 9709 2025 March Paper 52 Q5

A Level / CIE / S1

CIE 9709 2025 March Paper 52 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

The mass of peaches sold per day in a supermarket is normally distributed with mean 65.8 kg65.8\,\mathrm{kg} and standard deviation 9.6 kg9.6\,\mathrm{kg}.

(a) Find the probability that the mass of peaches sold on any given day is between 56 kg56\,\mathrm{kg} and 75 kg75\,\mathrm{kg}.

(3)

The mass of cherries sold per day in a supermarket is normally distributed with mean 72.4 kg72.4\,\mathrm{kg} and standard deviation σ kg\sigma\,\mathrm{kg}. It is known that on 10%10\% of days less than 59.1 kg59.1\,\mathrm{kg} of cherries are sold.

(b) Find the value of σ\sigma.

(3)

The supermarket is open 7 days a week.

(c) Find the probability that, in a randomly chosen week, the first day on which less than 59.1 kg59.1\,\mathrm{kg} of cherries are sold is the fifth day of the week.

(1)

(d) Find the probability that, in a randomly chosen week, the first day on which less than 59.1 kg59.1\,\mathrm{kg} of cherries are sold is before the fifth day of the week.

(2)
题目中文翻译

一家超市每天售出的桃子的质量服从正态分布,均值为 65.8 kg65.8\,\mathrm{kg},标准差为 9.6 kg9.6\,\mathrm{kg}。

(a) 求任意一天售出的桃子的质量在 56 kg56\,\mathrm{kg} 与 75 kg75\,\mathrm{kg} 之间的概率。

(3)

一家超市每天售出的樱桃的质量服从正态分布,均值为 72.4 kg72.4\,\mathrm{kg},标准差为 σ kg\sigma\,\mathrm{kg}。已知有 10%10\% 的日子售出的樱桃少于 59.1 kg59.1\,\mathrm{kg}。

(b) 求 σ\sigma 的值。

(3)

这家超市每周营业 7 天。

(c) 随机选取一周,求该周第一次售出的樱桃少于 59.1 kg59.1\,\mathrm{kg} 的日子恰好是该周第 5 天的概率。

(1)

(d) 随机选取一周,求该周第一次售出的樱桃少于 59.1 kg59.1\,\mathrm{kg} 的日子在该周第 5 天之前的概率。

(2)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

分别标准化两质量边界,取两个累计概率之差。

答题过程

展开

Let M∼N(65.8,9.62)M\sim\mathrm{N}(65.8,9.6^2) denote the daily peach mass in kilograms. Then

P(56<M<75)= P(56−65.89.6<Z<75−65.89.6)= Φ(0.958333…)−Φ(−1.020833…)= 0.677385…≈ 0.677.\begin{align*} \mathrm{P}(56<M<75) =&\,\mathrm{P}\biggl(\frac{56-65.8}{9.6}<Z<\frac{75-65.8}{9.6}\biggr)\\[4mm] =&\,\Phi(0.958333\ldots)-\Phi(-1.020833\ldots)\\[4mm] =&\,0.677385\ldots\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{0.677}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

59.1对应左尾0.10,标准分数为负。标准化等式中的分子也为负,所得标准差应为正。

答题过程

展开 59.1−72.4σ=Φ−1(0.10)=−1.281551….\frac{59.1-72.4}{\sigma} =\Phi^{-1}(0.10)=-1.281551\ldots.

Therefore,

σ= −13.3−1.281551…= 10.37804…≈ 10.4.\begin{align*} \sigma=&\,\frac{-13.3}{-1.281551\ldots}\\[4mm] =&\,10.37804\ldots\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{10.4}. \end{align*}

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

低于59.1的概率为0.10,首次发生于第5天,需要前4天都不发生,第5天发生。

答题过程

展开 P=(0.9)4(0.1)=0.06561.\mathrm{P}=(0.9)^4(0.1)=\boxed{0.06561}.

(d)

解法一

思路

展开

第5天之前即前4天至少一次发生,取四天都不发生的补集。

答题过程

展开  P(first such day before day 5)= 1−(0.9)4= 0.3439.\begin{align*} &\,\mathrm{P}(\text{first such day before day 5})\\[4mm] =&\,1-(0.9)^4\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{0.3439}. \end{align*}

解法二

思路

展开

也可以按首次发生于第1、第2、第3、第4天逐项相加。

答题过程

展开

The four possible first-occurrence days give

P= 0.1+0.9(0.1)+(0.9)2(0.1)+(0.9)3(0.1)= 0.3439.\begin{align*} \mathrm{P}=&\,0.1+0.9(0.1)+(0.9)^2(0.1)+(0.9)^3(0.1)\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{0.3439}. \end{align*}