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CIE 9709 2026 March Paper 52 Q6

A Level / CIE / S1

CIE 9709 2026 March Paper 52 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

A company sells bags of pasta. The masses of large bags of pasta are normally distributed with mean 2.40 kg2.40\,\mathrm{kg} and standard deviation 0.18 kg0.18\,\mathrm{kg}.

(a) In a random sample of 400 large bags, how many would you expect to have a mass less than 2.32 kg2.32\,\mathrm{kg}?

(4)

The masses of small bags of pasta are normally distributed with mean μ kg\mu\,\mathrm{kg} and standard deviation σ kg\sigma\,\mathrm{kg}. 80% of these bags have a mass less than 1.26 kg1.26\,\mathrm{kg} and 40% of these bags have a mass less than 1.08 kg1.08\,\mathrm{kg}.

(b) Find the value of μ\mu and the value of σ\sigma.

(5)

Eight small bags of pasta are chosen at random.

(c) Find the probability that more than 5 of the 8 small bags have a mass less than 1.26 kg1.26\,\mathrm{kg}.

(3)
题目中文翻译

某公司销售袋装意大利面。大袋意大利面的质量服从正态分布,平均数为 2.40 kg2.40\,\mathrm{kg},标准差为 0.18 kg0.18\,\mathrm{kg}。

(a) 从大袋意大利面中随机抽取 400 袋,预计其中有多少袋的质量小于 2.32 kg2.32\,\mathrm{kg}?

(4)

小袋意大利面的质量服从正态分布,平均数为 μ kg\mu\,\mathrm{kg},标准差为 σ kg\sigma\,\mathrm{kg}。其中 80% 的质量小于 1.26 kg1.26\,\mathrm{kg},40% 的质量小于 1.08 kg1.08\,\mathrm{kg}。

(b) 求 μ\mu 和 σ\sigma 的值。

(5)

随机选取 8 小袋意大利面。

(c) 求这 8 小袋中质量小于 1.26 kg1.26\,\mathrm{kg} 的袋数多于 5 的概率。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

先求单袋质量小于2.32的正态概率,再乘400。保留中间概率精度后,把预计袋数写成整数。

答题过程

展开

Let M∼N(2.40,0.182)M\sim\mathrm{N}(2.40,0.18^2) denote the mass of a large bag in kilograms. Then

P(M<2.32)= P(Z<2.32−2.400.18)= Φ(−0.444444…)= 0.328360….\begin{align*} \mathrm{P}(M<2.32) =&\,\mathrm{P}\biggl(Z<\frac{2.32-2.40}{0.18}\biggr)\\[4mm] =&\,\Phi(-0.444444\ldots)\\[4mm] =&\,0.328360\ldots. \end{align*}

The expected number is 400(0.328360…)=131.344…400(0.328360\ldots)=131.344\ldots, giving 131 bags.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

将两条累计概率分别转为标准分数,再联立两个标准化等式。相减可先解标准差,再代回求均值。

答题过程

展开

The standard normal quantiles for probabilities 0.80 and 0.40 are 0.841621…0.841621\ldots and −0.253347…-0.253347\ldots. Thus

1.26−μ= 0.841621… σ,1.08−μ= −0.253347… σ.\begin{align*} 1.26-\mu=&\,0.841621\ldots\,\sigma,\\[4mm] 1.08-\mu=&\,-0.253347\ldots\,\sigma. \end{align*}

Subtracting gives

0.18= (0.841621…+0.253347…)σ,σ= 0.164388….\begin{align*} 0.18=&\,(0.841621\ldots+0.253347\ldots)\sigma,\\[4mm] \sigma=&\,0.164388\ldots. \end{align*}

Then

μ=1.26−0.841621… σ=1.121647….\mu=1.26-0.841621\ldots\,\sigma=1.121647\ldots.

Therefore,

μ≈1.12,σ≈0.164.\boxed{\mu\approx1.12,\qquad\sigma\approx0.164}.

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

单袋小于1.26的概率由题设直接给出0.8,不需要使用(b)的近似参数重新计算。8袋中满足条件的袋数服从二项分布。

答题过程

展开

Let XX be the number of the 8 small bags with mass less than 1.26 kg1.26\,\mathrm{kg}. Then X∼B(8,0.8)X\sim\mathrm{B}(8,0.8), so

P(X>5)= (86)(0.8)6(0.2)2 +8(0.8)7(0.2)+(0.8)8= 0.79691776≈ 0.797.\begin{align*} \mathrm{P}(X>5)=&\,\binom86(0.8)^6(0.2)^2\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{2pt}+8(0.8)^7(0.2)+(0.8)^8\\[4mm] =&\,0.79691776\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{0.797}. \end{align*}