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CIE 9709 2025 June Paper 53 Q6

A Level / CIE / S1

CIE 9709 2025 June Paper 53 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

A company sells bags of pasta. The masses of large bags of pasta are normally distributed with mean 2.50 kg2.50\,\mathrm{kg} and standard deviation 0.12 kg0.12\,\mathrm{kg}.

(a) Find the probability that the mass of pasta in a randomly chosen large bag is less than 2.65 kg2.65\,\mathrm{kg}.

(2)

A restaurant manager buys 160 of these large bags of pasta.

(b) Find the number of bags for which you would expect the mass of pasta to be more than 1.651.65 standard deviations above the mean.

(3)

The masses of small bags of pasta sold by the company are normally distributed with mean μ kg\mu\,\mathrm{kg} and standard deviation σ kg\sigma\,\mathrm{kg}. Tests show that 77%77\% of these bags have masses greater than 1.26 kg1.26\,\mathrm{kg}, and 44%44\% have masses less than 1.35 kg1.35\,\mathrm{kg}.

(c) Find, in either order, the value of μ\mu and the value of σ\sigma.

(5)
题目中文翻译

某公司销售袋装意大利面。大袋意大利面的质量服从正态分布,均值为 2.50 kg2.50\,\mathrm{kg},标准差为 0.12 kg0.12\,\mathrm{kg}。

(a) 随机选取一大袋意大利面,求其中意大利面的质量小于 2.65 kg2.65\,\mathrm{kg} 的概率。

(2)

一位餐厅经理购买了 160 袋这种大袋意大利面。

(b) 预计有多少袋意大利面的质量比均值高出超过 1.651.65 个标准差?

(3)

该公司销售的小袋意大利面的质量服从正态分布,均值为 μ kg\mu\,\mathrm{kg},标准差为 σ kg\sigma\,\mathrm{kg}。检测表明,这些小袋中,77%77\% 的质量大于 1.26 kg1.26\,\mathrm{kg},44%44\% 的质量小于 1.35 kg1.35\,\mathrm{kg}。

(c) 求 μ\mu 和 σ\sigma 的值,求解顺序不限。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

质量上界标准化后求左尾概率。

答题过程

展开

Let M∼N(2.50,0.122)M\sim\mathrm{N}(2.50,0.12^2) denote large-bag mass in kilograms. Then

P(M<2.65)= Φ(2.65−2.500.12)= Φ(1.25)= 0.894350…≈ 0.894.\begin{align*} \mathrm{P}(M<2.65) =&\,\Phi\biggl(\frac{2.65-2.50}{0.12}\biggr)\\[4mm] =&\,\Phi(1.25)\\[4mm] =&\,0.894350\ldots\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{0.894}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

均值以上1.65个标准差,标准化后边界直接为1.65,不需要重新求质量单位下的区间。

答题过程

展开

The mass threshold is 2.50+1.65(0.12)=2.698 kg2.50+1.65(0.12)=2.698\,\mathrm{kg}. Hence

P(M>2.698)=1−Φ(1.65)=0.049471….\mathrm{P}(M>2.698)=1-\Phi(1.65)=0.049471\ldots.

The expected number is 160(0.049471…)=7.9154…160(0.049471\ldots)=7.9154\ldots, giving 8 bags.

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

1.26处右尾0.77即左尾0.23;1.35处左尾0.44,两边都低于均值。两分位点标准化后联立求参数。

答题过程

展开

The given probabilities imply

P(M<1.26)=0.23,P(M<1.35)=0.44.\mathrm{P}(M<1.26)=0.23,\qquad \mathrm{P}(M<1.35)=0.44.

Thus

1.26−μ= −0.738846… σ,1.35−μ= −0.150969… σ.\begin{align*} 1.26-\mu=&\,-0.738846\ldots\,\sigma,\\[4mm] 1.35-\mu=&\,-0.150969\ldots\,\sigma. \end{align*}

Subtracting,

0.09= (0.738846…−0.150969…)σ,σ= 0.153093….\begin{align*} 0.09=&\,(0.738846\ldots-0.150969\ldots)\sigma,\\[4mm] \sigma=&\,0.153093\ldots. \end{align*}

Then μ=1.26+0.738846… σ=1.373112…\mu=1.26+0.738846\ldots\,\sigma=1.373112\ldots, so

μ≈1.37,σ≈0.153.\boxed{\mu\approx1.37,\qquad\sigma\approx0.153}.