题目
The heights of trees in a certain forest are classified as tall, medium or small. The heights can be modelled by a normal distribution with mean and standard deviation . Trees with a height of less than are classified as small.
(a) For 150 randomly chosen trees from this forest, how many would you expect to be classified as small?
Trees from this forest are classified as tall if their height is at least . of the trees are classified as tall.
(b) Find the value of .
题目中文翻译
某片森林中的树木按高度分为高、中等和矮三类。树高可用均值为 、标准差为 的正态分布建模。高度小于 的树被归为矮树。
(a) 从这片森林中随机选取 150 棵树,预计其中有多少棵被归为矮树?
这片森林中高度至少为 的树被归为高树。 的树被归为高树。
(b) 求 的值。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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先求树高小于14的左尾概率,再乘150,预计棵数用整数。
答题过程
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Let denote height in metres. Then
The expected number is , giving 17 trees.
(b)
解法一
思路
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最高的25%在h以上,所以h对应左尾概率0.75,是高于均值的正标准分数。
答题过程
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Since ,
Hence