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CIE 9709 2026 June Paper 53 Q1

A Level / CIE / S1

CIE 9709 2026 June Paper 53 Paper · Question 1

题目

Problem

A fair 8-sided dice with faces labelled 11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88 is thrown repeatedly.

(a) Find the probability that a 5 will be obtained for the first time on the 7th throw.

(1)

(b) Find the probability that a 5 will be obtained for the first time before the 10th throw.

(2)

(c) Find the probability that a 5 will be obtained at least once but no more than three times in 12 randomly chosen throws.

(3)
题目中文翻译

反复投掷一枚均匀的八面骰子,八个面分别标有 11、22、33、44、55、66、77、88。

(a) 求在第 7 次投掷时首次掷出 5 的概率。

(1)

(b) 求在第 10 次投掷之前首次掷出 5 的概率。

(2)

(c) 求在随机选取的 12 次投掷中,掷出 5 至少一次但不超过三次的概率。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

第7次首次出现5,表示前6次都不是5,第7次才出现5。各次投掷独立。

答题过程

展开 P(first 5 on throw 7)= (78)618≈ 0.0561(3 s.f.).\begin{align*} \mathrm{P}(\text{first 5 on throw 7}) =&\,\biggl(\frac78\biggr)^6\frac18\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{0.0561}\quad\text{(3 s.f.)}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

第10次之前即前9次内。用1减去前9次完全没有5的概率。

答题过程

展开 P(first 5 before throw 10)= 1−(78)9= 0.699342…≈ 0.699.\begin{align*} \mathrm{P}(\text{first 5 before throw 10}) =&\,1-\biggl(\frac78\biggr)^9\\[4mm] =&\,0.699342\ldots\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{0.699}. \end{align*}

解法二

思路

展开

也可以按首次出现5的投掷次数分类,把第1次至第9次首次成功的概率相加。

答题过程

展开

Let TT denote the throw on which the first 5 is obtained. Then

P(T<10)= ∑k=19(78)k−118= 18 1−(7/8)91−7/8≈ 0.699(3 s.f.).\begin{align*} \mathrm{P}(T<10)=&\,\sum_{k=1}^{9} \biggl(\frac78\biggr)^{k-1}\frac18\\[4mm] =&\,\frac18\, \frac{1-(7/8)^9}{1-7/8}\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{0.699}\quad\text{(3 s.f.)}. \end{align*}

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

12次投掷中出现5的次数服从二项分布。至少一次但不超过三次,即把1、2、3次的概率相加。

答题过程

展开

Let XX be the number of 5s in the 12 throws. Then X∼B(12,18)X\sim\mathrm{B}(12,\frac18).

P(1≤X≤3)= 1218(78)11 +66(18)2(78)10 +220(18)3(78)9= 0.745772…≈ 0.746.\begin{align*} \mathrm{P}(1\leq X\leq3) =&\,12\frac18\biggl(\frac78\biggr)^{11}\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{2pt}+66\biggl(\frac18\biggr)^2 \biggl(\frac78\biggr)^{10}\\[4mm] &\,\hspace{4pt}+220\biggl(\frac18\biggr)^3 \biggl(\frac78\biggr)^9\\[4mm] =&\,0.745772\ldots\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{0.746}. \end{align*}