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CIE 9709 2026 June Paper 55 Q5

A Level / CIE / S1

CIE 9709 2026 June Paper 55 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

Two fair 4-sided spinners each have sides labelled 1, 2, 3, 4. The spinners are spun at the same time, and the number on the side on which each spinner lands is noted.

The random variable XX is the difference between the two numbers. For example, the difference between 1 and 3 and the difference between 3 and 1 are both 2.

(a) Draw up the probability distribution table for XX.

(3)

(b) Find Var⁡(X)\operatorname{Var}(X).

(3)

Harry spins the two fair 4-sided spinners repeatedly.

(c) Find the probability that Harry obtains a difference of 3 for the first time on his 7th spin.

(1)

(d) Find the probability that Harry obtains a difference of 3 for the third time on his 7th spin.

(3)
题目中文翻译

两个均匀的四面陀螺,其各面均标有 1、2、3、4。同时转动这两个陀螺,并记录每个陀螺停下时所落在的那一面上的数字。

随机变量 XX 为这两个数字之差。例如,1 与 3 之差和 3 与 1 之差均为 2。

(a) 列出 XX 的概率分布表。

(3)

(b) 求 Var⁡(X)\operatorname{Var}(X)。

(3)

Harry 反复转动这两个均匀的四面陀螺。

(c) 求 Harry 在第 7 次转动时首次得到差为 3 的概率。

(1)

(d) 求 Harry 在第 7 次转动时第三次得到差为 3 的概率。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

差按题意取非负值。列出16个等可能的有序结果,再统计差0、1、2、3分别出现几次。

答题过程

展开

The 16 equally likely differences are:

First \ Second11223344
1100112233
2211001122
3322110011
4433221100

Thus

xx00112233
P(X=x)\mathrm{P}(X=x)416\frac4{16}616\frac6{16}416\frac4{16}216\frac2{16}

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

用分布表计算均值及平方的期望,再相减得到方差。

答题过程

展开 E(X)= 0+6+8+616=54,E(X2)= 0+6+16+1816=52.\begin{align*} \mathrm{E}(X)=&\,\frac{0+6+8+6}{16}=\frac54,\\[4mm] \mathrm{E}(X^2)=&\,\frac{0+6+16+18}{16}=\frac52. \end{align*}

Therefore,

Var⁡(X)=52−(54)2=1516.\operatorname{Var}(X)=\frac52-\biggl(\frac54\biggr)^2 =\boxed{\frac{15}{16}}.

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

差为3的概率由(a)得八分之一。首次在第7次出现,要求前6次失败、第7次成功。

答题过程

展开 P=(1416)6216=1176492097152.\mathrm{P}=\biggl(\frac{14}{16}\biggr)^6\frac2{16} =\boxed{\frac{117649}{2097152}}.

(d)

解法一

思路

展开

第7次出现第3次成功,前6次必须恰有2次成功,且第7次也成功。组合数只选择前6次中的两个成功位置。

答题过程

展开

Let a success mean a difference of 3, with probability p=216=18p=\frac2{16}=\frac18.

The first 6 spins must contain exactly 2 successes, and spin 7 must be a success. Hence

P= (62)(18)2(78)418= 360152097152= 0.0171732…≈ 0.0172.\begin{align*} \mathrm{P}=&\,\binom62\biggl(\frac18\biggr)^2 \biggl(\frac78\biggr)^4\frac18\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{36015}{2097152}\\[4mm] =&\,0.0171732\ldots\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{0.0172}. \end{align*}