题目
A fair coin and an ordinary fair six-sided dice are thrown at the same time. The random variable is defined as follows.
- If the coin shows a tail, is twice the score on the dice.
- If the coin shows a head, is the score on the dice if the score is even and is otherwise.
(a) Draw up the probability distribution table for .
(b) Find .
题目中文翻译
同时抛掷一枚均匀硬币和一颗普通的均匀六面骰子。随机变量 定义如下。
- 如果硬币出现反面,则 为骰子点数的两倍。
- 如果硬币出现正面,且骰子点数为偶数,则 为骰子点数;否则 为 。
(a) 列出 的概率分布表。
(b) 求 。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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硬币与骰子共有12个等概率结果,先逐一对应X,再合并相同取值。
答题过程
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Each coin–dice outcome has probability . The values of are
| Dice score | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tail | ||||||
| Head |
Combining equal values gives
(b)
解法一
思路
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从分布表分别求一阶矩、二阶矩,再相减。
答题过程
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Also,
Hence