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CIE 9709 2025 November Paper 51 Q6

A Level / CIE / S1

CIE 9709 2025 Nov Paper 51 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

A factory produces chocolate bars. The weights of the bars are normally distributed with mean 155 g155\,\mathrm{g} and standard deviation 6 g6\,\mathrm{g}. A random sample of 350 of these bars is chosen.

(a) How many of these 350 bars would you expect to weigh between 148 g148\,\mathrm{g} and 160 g160\,\mathrm{g}?

(4)

A second factory also produces chocolate bars. The weights of these bars are normally distributed with mean μ g\mu\,\mathrm{g} and standard deviation σ g\sigma\,\mathrm{g}. Tests show that 8% of the bars weigh more than 114.0 g114.0\,\mathrm{g} and 20% weigh less than 99.5 g99.5\,\mathrm{g}.

(b) Find the value of μ\mu and the value of σ\sigma.

(5)
题目中文翻译

某工厂生产巧克力棒。巧克力棒的重量服从正态分布,平均数为 155 g155\,\mathrm{g},标准差为 6 g6\,\mathrm{g}。随机抽取其中 350 根。

(a) 预计这 350 根中有多少根的重量介于 148 g148\,\mathrm{g} 与 160 g160\,\mathrm{g} 之间?

(4)

第二家工厂也生产巧克力棒。这些巧克力棒的重量服从正态分布,平均数为 μ g\mu\,\mathrm{g},标准差为 σ g\sigma\,\mathrm{g}。检测表明,8% 的重量大于 114.0 g114.0\,\mathrm{g},20% 的重量小于 99.5 g99.5\,\mathrm{g}。

(b) 求 μ\mu 和 σ\sigma 的值。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

先标准化两个重量边界求区间概率,再乘350得到预计根数,并取整数。

答题过程

展开

Let W∼N(155,62)W\sim\mathrm{N}(155,6^2) denote weight in grams. Then

P(148<W<160)= P(148−1556<Z<160−1556)= Φ(5/6)−Φ(−7/6)= 0.675999….\begin{align*} \mathrm{P}(148<W<160) =&\,\mathrm{P}\biggl(\frac{148-155}{6}<Z<\frac{160-155}{6}\biggr)\\[4mm] =&\,\Phi(5/6)-\Phi(-7/6)\\[4mm] =&\,0.675999\ldots. \end{align*}

The expected number is 350(0.675999…)=236.599…350(0.675999\ldots)=236.599\ldots, giving 237 bars.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

超过114的概率是0.08,所以左尾概率为0.92;99.5对应左尾0.20。两条标准化等式相减先求标准差,再求均值。

答题过程

展开

The given probabilities imply

P(W<114)=0.92,P(W<99.5)=0.20.\mathrm{P}(W<114)=0.92,\qquad \mathrm{P}(W<99.5)=0.20.

Thus

114−μ= 1.405071… σ,99.5−μ= −0.841621… σ.\begin{align*} 114-\mu=&\,1.405071\ldots\,\sigma,\\[4mm] 99.5-\mu=&\,-0.841621\ldots\,\sigma. \end{align*}

Subtracting,

14.5= (1.405071…+0.841621…)σ,σ= 6.453930….\begin{align*} 14.5=&\,(1.405071\ldots+0.841621\ldots)\sigma,\\[4mm] \sigma=&\,6.453930\ldots. \end{align*}

Then μ=114−1.405071… σ=104.931765…\mu=114-1.405071\ldots\,\sigma=104.931765\ldots. Therefore,

μ≈105,σ≈6.45.\boxed{\mu\approx105,\qquad\sigma\approx6.45}.