题目
The lengths, in millimetres, of a random sample of rods made by a certain machine are as follows.
(a) Find unbiased estimates of the population mean and variance.
(b) Give a statistical reason why these estimates may not be reliable.
题目中文翻译
从某台机器制造的杆件中随机抽取 根,其长度(以毫米为单位)如下。
(a) 求总体均值和方差的无偏估计值。
(b) 从统计学角度给出一个理由,说明为什么这些估计值可能不可靠。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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先求总和与平方和,均值直接除以12;无偏方差分母用11。
答题过程
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The sample has , and . The unbiased estimate of the population mean is
The unbiased estimate of the population variance is
(b)
解法一
思路
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样本仅12根,样本量较小使估计不够可靠。
答题过程
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The sample size is small, with only 12 rods, so the estimates may not be reliable.