题目
Anita carried out a survey of randomly selected students at her college. She found that of these students watched a TV programme called Bunch.
(a) Calculate an approximate confidence interval for the proportion, , of students at Anita’s college who watch Bunch.
Carlos says that the confidence interval found in (a) is not useful because it is too wide.
(b) Without calculation, explain briefly how Carlos can use the results of Anita’s survey to find a narrower confidence interval for .
题目中文翻译
Anita 从她所在学院随机抽取 名学生进行调查,发现其中有 人观看一档名为 Bunch 的电视节目。
(a) 计算 Anita 所在学院观看 Bunch 的学生所占比例 的近似 置信区间。
Carlos 说,(a) 中求得的置信区间太宽,因而没有用处。
(b) 不进行计算,简要说明 Carlos 如何利用 Anita 的调查结果求出 的一个更窄的置信区间。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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样本比例为49/140等于0.35,用98%临界值及比例标准误建立区间。
答题过程
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The sample proportion is . With , the approximate 98% confidence interval is
Thus the interval is
(b)
解法一
思路
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只能使用既有调查结果,不能改样本量;降低置信水平会降低临界值并缩短区间。
答题过程
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Carlos can use a lower confidence level, such as 95%, with the same survey results. This gives a smaller critical value and hence a narrower interval.