题目
The heights, in centimetres, of adult females in Litania have mean and standard deviation . It is known that in the values of and were and respectively. The government claims that the value of this year is greater than it was in . In order to test this claim a researcher plans to carry out a hypothesis test at the significance level. He records the heights of a random sample of adult females in Litania this year and finds the value of the sample mean.
(a) State the probability of a Type I error.
You should assume that the value of after remains at .
(b) Given that the value of this year is actually , find the probability of a Type II error.
题目中文翻译
Litania 的成年女性身高(以厘米为单位)的均值为 ,标准差为 。已知 年 和 的值分别为 和 。政府声称今年的 值高于 年。为了检验这一说法,一名研究人员计划在 的显著性水平下进行假设检验。他从今年 Litania 的成年女性中随机抽取 人,记录她们的身高,并求出样本均值。
(a) 写出发生第一类错误的概率。
假定 年后 的值保持为 。
(b) 已知今年的 值实际为 ,求发生第二类错误的概率。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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连续均值检验的第一类错误概率等于所设显著性水平。
答题过程
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(b)
解法一
思路
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先在原假设均值163.21下确定右尾拒绝边界,再在真实均值164.91下计算样本均值未超过边界的概率。
答题过程
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The hypotheses are
By the Central Limit Theorem, the sample mean is approximately normal, with standard error
Let be the critical sample mean. For an upper-tail 1% test,
We reject when . If the true mean is 164.91 cm, a Type II error occurs when , so