题目
The masses, in kilograms, of newborn babies in country are represented by the random variable , with mean and variance . The masses of a random sample of newborn babies in this country were found and the results are summarised below.
(a) Calculate unbiased estimates of and .
A researcher wishes to test whether the mean mass of newborn babies in a neighbouring country, , is different from that in country . He chooses a random sample of newborn babies in country and finds that their sample mean mass is .
Assume that your unbiased estimates in part (a) are the correct values for and . Assume also that the variance of the masses of newborn babies in country is the same as in country .
(b) Carry out the test at the significance level.
题目中文翻译
用随机变量 表示 国新生儿的质量(以千克为单位),其均值为 ,方差为 。从该国随机抽取 名新生儿,测量他们的质量,结果汇总如下。
(a) 计算 和 的无偏估计值。
一名研究人员想检验邻国 的新生儿平均质量是否与 国不同。他从 国随机抽取 名新生儿,测得样本平均质量为 。
假设 (a) 中求得的无偏估计值就是 和 的真值,并假设 国新生儿质量的方差与 国相同。
(b) 在 的显著性水平下进行检验。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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样本总质量除以500,无偏方差以499为分母。
答题过程
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The unbiased estimate of is
The unbiased estimate of is
(b)
解法一
思路
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题目要求把A国估计值当作真值,因此检验B国总体均值是否不同于3.25,用同一方差及60的样本量作双尾正态检验。
答题过程
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Let be the population mean mass of newborn babies in country , in kilograms.
Using the assumed population variance and the large-sample normal approximation,
The two-tailed 1% critical values are . Since , we reject .
There is sufficient evidence at the 1% significance level that the population mean mass of newborn babies in country differs from that in country .