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CIE 9709 2026 June Paper 63 Q6

A Level / CIE / S2

CIE 9709 2026 June Paper 63 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

One batch of a cake mixture contains XX litres of ingredient AA and YY litres of ingredient BB, where XX and YY have the independent distributions X∼N(25.5,0.07)X\sim\mathrm{N}(25.5,0.07) and Y∼N(26.0,0.08)Y\sim\mathrm{N}(26.0,0.08).

(a) Find the probability that, in a randomly chosen batch of the mixture, the number of litres of ingredient AA is greater than the number of litres of ingredient BB.

(5)

The mass of 11 litre of ingredient AA is m kgm\,\mathrm{kg} and the mass of 11 litre of ingredient BB is 1.5m kg1.5m\,\mathrm{kg}, where mm is a constant.

(b) Given that the probability that the total mass of a randomly chosen batch of the mixture is less than 70 kg70\,\mathrm{kg} is 0.30.3, find the value of mm.

(5)
题目中文翻译

一批蛋糕混合料含有 XX 升原料 AA 和 YY 升原料 BB,其中 XX 和 YY 相互独立,分别服从分布 X∼N(25.5,0.07)X\sim\mathrm{N}(25.5,0.07) 和 Y∼N(26.0,0.08)Y\sim\mathrm{N}(26.0,0.08)。

(a) 求在随机选取的一批混合料中,原料 AA 的升数大于原料 BB 的升数的概率。

(5)

11 升原料 AA 的质量为 m kgm\,\mathrm{kg},11 升原料 BB 的质量为 1.5m kg1.5m\,\mathrm{kg},其中 mm 是常数。

(b) 已知随机选取的一批混合料总质量小于 70 kg70\,\mathrm{kg} 的概率为 0.30.3,求 mm 的值。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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比较两种原料体积,转成差大于零。独立正态之差的方差仍是两方差之和。

答题过程

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Let L=X−YL=X-Y. Since XX and YY are independent normal variables,

E(L)= 25.5−26.0=−0.5,Var⁡(L)= 0.07+0.08=0.15.\begin{align*} \mathrm E(L)=&\,25.5-26.0=-0.5,\\[4mm] \operatorname{Var}(L)=&\,0.07+0.08=0.15. \end{align*}

Thus L∼N(−0.5,0.15)L\sim\mathrm N(-0.5,0.15), giving

P(X>Y)= P(L>0)= 1−Φ(0−(−0.5)0.15)= 1−Φ(1.290994…)≈ 0.0984.\begin{align*} \mathrm P(X>Y) =&\,\mathrm P(L>0)\\[4mm] =&\,1-\Phi\bigg(\frac{0-(-0.5)}{\sqrt{0.15}}\bigg)\\[4mm] =&\,1-\Phi(1.290994\ldots)\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{0.0984}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

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总质量是 mX+1.5mYmX+1.5mY,方差中的系数要平方。质量参数 mm 为正,所以标准差是 0.5m0.5m,再用左尾概率 0.30.3 反求参数。

答题过程

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Let W=mX+1.5mYW=mX+1.5mY be the total mass in kilograms, where m>0m>0. Independence gives

E(W)= m(25.5)+1.5m(26.0)=64.5m,Var⁡(W)= m2(0.07)+(1.5m)2(0.08)= 0.25m2.\begin{align*} \mathrm E(W)=&\,m(25.5)+1.5m(26.0)=64.5m,\\[4mm] \operatorname{Var}(W) =&\,m^2(0.07)+(1.5m)^2(0.08)\\[4mm] =&\,0.25m^2. \end{align*}

Hence W∼N(64.5m,0.25m2)W\sim\mathrm N(64.5m,0.25m^2) and its standard deviation is 0.5m0.5m. The given probability implies

Φ(70−64.5m0.5m)= 0.3,70−64.5m0.5m= Φ−1(0.3)≈ −0.524401,70= (64.5−0.2622005)m.\begin{align*} \Phi\bigg(\frac{70-64.5m}{0.5m}\bigg)=&\,0.3,\\[4mm] \frac{70-64.5m}{0.5m}=&\,\Phi^{-1}(0.3)\\[4mm] \approx&\,-0.524401,\\[4mm] 70=&\,(64.5-0.2622005)m. \end{align*}

Thus m≈1.089701m\approx1.089701, giving m=1.09\boxed{m=1.09}.