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CIE 9709 2026 June Paper 65 Q4

A Level / CIE / S2

CIE 9709 2026 June Paper 65 Paper · Question 4

题目

Problem

The diagram shows the graph of the probability density function, f(x)f(x), of a random variable XX. For 0≤x≤a0\le x\le a, the graph is a straight line from OO to the point (a,b)(a,b), where aa and bb are constants. Elsewhere f(x)=0f(x)=0.

(a) Show that the median of XX is a2\frac{a}{\sqrt{2}}.

(5)

(b) Given that E(X)=4\mathrm{E}(X)=4, find aa.

(4)
题目中文翻译

图中给出随机变量 XX 的概率密度函数 f(x)f(x) 的图像。当 0≤x≤a0\le x\le a 时,图像是从 OO 到点 (a,b)(a,b) 的直线段,其中 aa 和 bb 是常数。其余各处 f(x)=0f(x)=0。

(a) 证明 XX 的中位数为 a2\frac{a}{\sqrt{2}}。

(5)

(b) 已知 E(X)=4\mathrm{E}(X)=4,求 aa。

(4)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

先用整幅三角形的面积求出 ab=2ab=2,再由中位数左侧面积为一半求解,并利用 m>0m>0 选择正根。

答题过程

展开

Since the density has total area 11,

12ab=1⟹b=2a.\frac12ab=1\quad\Longrightarrow\quad b=\frac2a.

The straight line through (0,0)(0,0) and (a,b)(a,b) is

f(x)=bax=2xa2.f(x)=\frac bax=\frac{2x}{a^2}.

This applies for 0≤x≤a0\le x\le a.

Let mm be the median. Then

∫0m2xa2 dx= 12,[x2a2]0m= 12,m2= a22.\begin{align*} \int_0^m\frac{2x}{a^2}\,\mathrm{d}x=&\,\frac12,\\[4mm] \bigg[\frac{x^2}{a^2}\bigg]_0^m=&\,\frac12,\\[4mm] m^2=&\,\frac{a^2}{2}. \end{align*}

Since a>0a>0 and 0<m<a0<m<a, take the positive root to obtain

m=a2.\boxed{m=\frac a{\sqrt2}}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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沿用(a)归一化后的密度,求期望并把它与给定值 44 相等。

答题过程

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Using f(x)=2x/a2f(x)=2x/a^2,

E(X)= 2a2∫0ax2 dx= 2a2[x33]0a= 2a3.\begin{align*} \mathrm E(X) =&\,\frac2{a^2}\int_0^a x^2\,\mathrm{d}x\\[4mm] =&\,\frac2{a^2}\bigg[\frac{x^3}3\bigg]_0^a\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{2a}3. \end{align*}

Since E(X)=4\mathrm E(X)=4, 2a/3=42a/3=4, giving a=6\boxed{a=6}.