题目
A builders’ merchant sells stones of different sizes.
(a) The masses of size stones have standard deviation grams. The mean mass of a random sample of size stones is grams.
Find a confidence interval for the population mean mass of size stones.
(b) The masses of size stones have standard deviation grams. Using a random sample of size , an confidence interval for the population mean mass is found to have width grams.
Find .
题目中文翻译
一家建材商出售不同规格的石块。
(a) 规格石块质量的标准差为 克。随机抽取 块 规格石块,样本平均质量为 克。
求 规格石块的总体平均质量的一个 置信区间。
(b) 规格石块质量的标准差为 克。使用一个容量为 的随机样本,求得总体平均质量的一个 置信区间,其宽度为 克。
求 。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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已知总体标准差,用样本均值加减1.96倍标准误。
答题过程
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Since the random sample is large, the Central Limit Theorem gives an approximately normal sampling distribution for the sample mean. The 95% confidence interval is
Thus the interval for the population mean mass is
(b)
解法一
思路
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区间半宽为2,用半宽反求z,再求负z至正z的中央概率并乘100。
答题过程
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Let be the positive critical value. Since the width is 4 g,
Hence
Therefore
giving (3 s.f.).