题目
The number of faults in cloth made on a certain machine has a Poisson distribution with mean per . An adjustment is made to the machine. It is required to test at the significance level whether the mean number of faults has decreased. A randomly selected of cloth is checked and the number of faults is found.
(a) State suitable null and alternative hypotheses for the test.
(b) Find the probability of a Type I error.
Exactly faults are found in the randomly selected of cloth.
(c) Carry out the test at the significance level.
Later a similar test was carried out at the significance level, using another randomly selected of cloth.
(d) Given that the number of faults actually has a Poisson distribution with mean per , find the probability of a Type II error.
题目中文翻译
某台机器织出的布料上的疵点数服从泊松分布,均值为每 有 个疵点。对该机器作了调整,需要在 的显著性水平下检验疵点数的均值是否下降。随机选取 的布料进行检查,数出其中的疵点数。
(a) 写出适合该检验的原假设和备择假设。
(b) 求发生第一类错误的概率。
在随机选取的这 的布料中,恰好发现 个疵点。
(c) 在 的显著性水平下进行检验。
后来,另随机选取 的布料,在 的显著性水平下进行了一次类似的检验。
(d) 已知疵点数实际服从均值为每 有 个疵点的泊松分布,求发生第二类错误的概率。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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以每10平方米平均疵点数为参数,备择为减少。
答题过程
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Let be the population mean number of faults per after the adjustment.
(b)
解法一
思路
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原假设下30平方米参数为7.2。比较相邻左尾概率确定拒绝域,实际第一类错误概率就是该域在原假设下的概率。
答题过程
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Let be the number of faults in . Under , .
whereas
Thus the rejection region is , and
(c)
解法一
思路
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3个疵点不在拒绝域,因此不足以认为总体平均疵点数下降。
答题过程
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The observed count of 3 is outside the rejection region , so is not rejected. There is insufficient evidence at the 5% significance level that the population mean number of faults has decreased.
(d)
解法一
思路
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真实参数每10平方米0.5时,30平方米参数为1.5。第二类错误为至少3个疵点而未拒绝。
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When the true rate is 0.5 faults per , . A Type II error occurs when , giving