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CIE 9709 2023 November Paper 61 Q6

A Level / CIE / S2

CIE 9709 2023 Nov Paper 61 Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

A continuous random variable XX takes values from 00 to 66 only and has a probability distribution that is symmetrical.

Two values, aa and bb, of XX are such that P(a<X<b)=p\mathrm{P}(a<X<b)=p and P(b<X<3)=1310p\mathrm{P}(b<X<3)=\dfrac{13}{10}p, where pp is a positive constant.

(a) Show that p≤523p\leq\dfrac5{23}.

(1)

(b) Find P(b<X<6−a)\mathrm{P}(b<X<6-a) in terms of pp.

(2)

It is now given that the probability density function of XX is f\mathrm{f}, where

f(x)={136(6x−x2)0≤x≤6,0otherwise.\mathrm{f}(x)=\begin{cases} \dfrac1{36}(6x-x^2) & 0\leq x\leq6,\\ 0 & \text{otherwise}. \end{cases}

(c) Given that b=2b=2 and p=527p=\dfrac5{27}, find the value of aa.

(5)
题目中文翻译

连续随机变量 XX 只在 00 到 66 之间取值,其概率分布是对称的。

XX 的两个取值 aa 和 bb 满足 P(a<X<b)=p\mathrm{P}(a<X<b)=p 和 P(b<X<3)=1310p\mathrm{P}(b<X<3)=\dfrac{13}{10}p,其中 pp 为正常数。

(a) 证明 p≤523p\leq\dfrac5{23}。

(1)

(b) 用 pp 表示 P(b<X<6−a)\mathrm{P}(b<X<6-a)。

(2)

现已知 XX 的概率密度函数为 f\mathrm{f},其中

f(x)={136(6x−x2)0≤x≤6,0其他情况。\mathrm{f}(x)=\begin{cases} \dfrac1{36}(6x-x^2) & 0\leq x\leq6,\\ 0 & \text{其他情况。} \end{cases}

(c) 已知 b=2b=2 且 p=527p=\dfrac5{27},求 aa 的值。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

关于3对称,3左侧的概率为一半。a至3的两段概率总和不超过这一半。

答题过程

展开

By symmetry about x=3x=3, P(X<3)=12\mathrm{P}(X<3)=\frac12. Since a<b<3a<b<3,

P(a<X<3)= p+1310p= 2310p≤12.\begin{align*} \mathrm{P}(a<X<3)=&\,p+\frac{13}{10}p\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{23}{10}p\leq\frac12. \end{align*}

Therefore p≤523\boxed{p\leq\frac5{23}}, as required.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

关于3反射,a至3与3至6减a的概率相同。把b至3和3至6减a相加。

答题过程

展开

By symmetry,

P(3<X<6−a)=P(a<X<3)=2310p.\mathrm{P}(3<X<6-a)=\mathrm{P}(a<X<3)=\frac{23}{10}p.

Hence

 P(b<X<6−a)= 1310p+2310p= 185p.\begin{align*} &\,\mathrm{P}(b<X<6-a)\\[4mm] =&\,\frac{13}{10}p+\frac{23}{10}p\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{\frac{18}{5}p}. \end{align*}

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

把a至2的概率写成积分,整理得到三次方程,分解并用0小于等于a小于2筛选根。

答题过程

展开

Since b=2b=2 and p=527p=\frac5{27},

136∫a2(6x−x2) dx=527.\frac1{36}\int_a^2(6x-x^2)\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac5{27}.

Thus

136[3x2−x33]a2= 527,12−83−3a2+a33= 203,a3−9a2+8= 0.\begin{align*} \frac1{36}\bigg[3x^2-\frac{x^3}{3}\bigg]_a^2 =&\,\frac5{27},\\[4mm] 12-\frac83-3a^2+\frac{a^3}{3} =&\,\frac{20}{3},\\[4mm] a^3-9a^2+8=&\,0. \end{align*}

Factorising gives

(a−1)(a2−8a−8)=0,(a-1)(a^2-8a-8)=0,

so the roots are a=1a=1 and a=4±26a=4\pm2\sqrt6.

As aa is a value of XX with a<b=2a<b=2, we require 0≤a<20\leq a<2. The other two roots lie outside this range, leaving a=1\boxed{a=1}.