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CIE 9709 2024 November Paper 61 Q5

A Level / CIE / S2

CIE 9709 2024 Nov Paper 61 Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

The lengths, in centimetres, of worms of a certain kind are normally distributed with mean μ\mu and standard deviation 2.32.3. An article in a magazine states that the value of μ\mu is 12.712.7. A scientist wishes to test whether this value is correct. He measures the lengths, x cmx\,\mathrm{cm}, of a random sample of 5050 worms of this kind and finds that ∑x=597.1\sum x=597.1. He plans to carry out a test, at the 1%1\% significance level, of whether the true value of μ\mu is different from 12.712.7.

(a) State, with a reason, whether he should use a one-tailed or a two-tailed test.

(1)

(b) Carry out the test.

(5)
题目中文翻译

某种蠕虫的体长(以厘米为单位)服从均值为 μ\mu、标准差为 2.32.3 的正态分布。一篇杂志文章称 μ\mu 的值为 12.712.7。一名科学家想检验这一数值是否正确。他随机抽取 5050 条这种蠕虫,测量其体长 x cmx\,\mathrm{cm},得到 ∑x=597.1\sum x=597.1。他计划在 1%1\% 的显著性水平下检验 μ\mu 的真值是否与 12.712.7 不同。

(a) 说明他应采用单尾检验还是双尾检验,并给出理由。

(1)

(b) 进行该检验。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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科学家关心均值是否不同,既包括增大也包括减小,所以采用双尾检验。

答题过程

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A two-tailed test is appropriate because the scientist is testing for a difference from 12.7 cm in either direction.

(b)

解法一

思路

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总体正态且标准差已知,直接作双尾正态检验;1%显著性水平的每尾为0.5%。

答题过程

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Let μ\mu be the population mean worm length, in centimetres.

H0:μ=12.7,H1:μ≠12.7.H_0:\mu=12.7,\qquad H_1:\mu\neq12.7.

The sample mean is xˉ=597.150=11.942\bar x=\frac{597.1}{50}=11.942. Under H0H_0,

z=11.942−12.72.3/50=−2.33038….z=\frac{11.942-12.7}{2.3/\sqrt{50}} =-2.33038\ldots.

The critical values for a two-tailed 1% test are ±2.576\pm2.576. Since

∣z∣=2.33038…<2.576,|z|=2.33038\ldots<2.576,

we do not reject H0H_0. There is insufficient evidence at the 1% significance level that the population mean length differs from 12.7 cm.