题目
A factory owner models the number of employees who use the factory canteen on any day by the distribution . In the past the value of was . A new menu is introduced in the canteen and the owner wants to test whether the value of has increased.
On a randomly chosen day he notes that the number of employees who use the canteen is .
(a) Use the binomial distribution to carry out the test at the significance level.
(b) Given that there are employees at the factory comment on the suitability of the owner’s model.
题目中文翻译
一名工厂老板用 分布来描述任意一天到工厂食堂用餐的员工人数。过去 的值为 。食堂推出了新菜单,老板想检验 的值是否有所上升。
他随机选取一天,记录到食堂用餐的员工人数为 。
(a) 用二项分布在 的显著性水平下进行检验。
(b) 已知工厂共有 名员工,评价老板所用的模型是否合适。
原卷通用作答要求
Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.
You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.
Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
展开
检验比例是否增加,取右尾二项概率,包含观测值23本身。
答题过程
展开
Let be the number of employees using the canteen.
Under , . The upper-tail probability for the observed value 23 is
Since , we reject . There is sufficient evidence at the 10% significance level that the proportion of employees using the canteen has increased.
(b)
解法一
思路
展开
模型最多容许25人使用食堂,却有30名员工,因此没有涵盖所有可能人数。
答题过程
展开
The model is not suitable if all 30 employees could use the canteen: does not allow more than 25 users on a day.