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CIE 9709 2024 November Paper 62 Q4

A Level / CIE / S2

CIE 9709 2024 Nov Paper 62 Paper · Question 4

题目

Problem

A population is normally distributed with mean 3535 and standard deviation 8.18.1. A random sample of size 140140 is chosen from this population and the sample mean is denoted by X‾\overline{X}.

(a) Find P(X‾>36)\mathrm{P}(\overline{X}>36).

(3)

(b) It is given that P(X‾<a)=0.986\mathrm{P}(\overline{X}<a)=0.986. Find the value of aa.

(3)
题目中文翻译

某总体服从均值为 3535、标准差为 8.18.1 的正态分布。从这个总体中随机抽取容量为 140140 的样本,样本均值记为 X‾\overline{X}。

(a) 求 P(X‾>36)\mathrm{P}(\overline{X}>36)。

(3)

(b) 已知 P(X‾<a)=0.986\mathrm{P}(\overline{X}<a)=0.986。求 aa 的值。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

总体为正态,所以样本均值也为正态,标准差缩小为原来的根号140分之一。

答题过程

展开

The sample mean has the exact distribution

X‾∼N(35,8.12140).\overline X\sim\mathrm{N}\bigg(35,\frac{8.1^2}{140}\bigg).

Thus

P(X‾>36)= 1−Φ(36−358.1/140)= 0.0720406…= 0.0720(3 s.f.).\begin{align*} \mathrm{P}(\overline X>36)=&\,1-\Phi\bigg(\frac{36-35}{8.1/\sqrt{140}}\bigg)\\[4mm] =&\,0.0720406\ldots\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{0.0720}\quad\text{(3 s.f.).} \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

将累计概率0.986转成正态分位数,再用样本均值的标准差还原a。

答题过程

展开 a−358.1/140= Φ−1(0.986)= 2.197286….\begin{align*} \frac{a-35}{8.1/\sqrt{140}}=&\,\Phi^{-1}(0.986)\\[4mm] =&\,2.197286\ldots. \end{align*}

Hence

a= 35+2.197286…8.1140= 36.5042…,\begin{align*} a=&\,35+2.197286\ldots\frac{8.1}{\sqrt{140}}\\[4mm] =&\,36.5042\ldots, \end{align*}

so a=36.5\boxed{a=36.5} (3 s.f.).