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CIE 9709 2024 November Paper 63 Q4

A Level / CIE / S2

CIE 9709 2024 Nov Paper 63 Paper · Question 4

题目

Problem

A random variable XX has probability density function f\mathrm{f} defined by

f(x)={ax2−18x32≤x≤3,0otherwise,\mathrm{f}(x)=\begin{cases} \dfrac{a}{x^2}-\dfrac{18}{x^3} & 2\leq x\leq 3,\\ 0 & \text{otherwise}, \end{cases}

where aa is a constant.

(a) Show that a=272a=\dfrac{27}{2}.

(3)

(b) Show that E(X)=272ln⁡32−3\mathrm{E}(X)=\dfrac{27}{2}\ln\dfrac32-3.

(3)
题目中文翻译

随机变量 XX 的概率密度函数 f\mathrm{f} 定义为

f(x)={ax2−18x32≤x≤3,0其他情况,\mathrm{f}(x)=\begin{cases} \dfrac{a}{x^2}-\dfrac{18}{x^3} & 2\leq x\leq 3,\\ 0 & \text{其他情况,} \end{cases}

其中 aa 为常数。

(a) 证明 a=272a=\dfrac{27}{2}。

(3)

(b) 证明 E(X)=272ln⁡32−3\mathrm{E}(X)=\dfrac{27}{2}\ln\dfrac32-3。

(3)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

密度在支持区间上的积分为1。逐项积分后明确代入上下限,再解常数a。

答题过程

展开

Since the total probability is 1,

∫23(ax2−18x3) dx=1.\int_2^3\bigg(\frac{a}{x^2}-\frac{18}{x^3}\bigg)\,\mathrm{d}x=1.

Hence

[−ax+9x2]23= 1, (−a3+1) −(−a2+94)=1,a6−54= 1.\begin{align*} \bigg[-\frac{a}{x}+\frac{9}{x^2}\bigg]_2^3=&\,1,\\[4mm] &\,\bigg(-\frac a3+1\bigg)\\[4mm] &\,-\bigg(-\frac a2+\frac94\bigg)=1,\\[4mm] \frac a6-\frac54=&\,1. \end{align*}

It follows that a6=94\frac a6=\frac94, so a=272\boxed{a=\frac{27}{2}}, as required.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

将x乘密度后积分,保留对数精确值并展示上下限相减。

答题过程

展开 E(X)= ∫23x(272x2−18x3) dx= ∫23(272x−18x2) dx= [272ln⁡x+18x]23= (272ln⁡3+6) −(272ln⁡2+9)= 272ln⁡32−3,\begin{align*} \mathrm{E}(X)=&\,\int_2^3x\bigg(\frac{27}{2x^2}-\frac{18}{x^3}\bigg)\,\mathrm{d}x\\[4mm] =&\,\int_2^3\bigg(\frac{27}{2x}-\frac{18}{x^2}\bigg)\,\mathrm{d}x\\[4mm] =&\,\bigg[\frac{27}{2}\ln x+\frac{18}{x}\bigg]_2^3\\[4mm] =&\,\bigg(\frac{27}{2}\ln3+6\bigg)\\[4mm] &\,-\bigg(\frac{27}{2}\ln2+9\bigg)\\[4mm] =&\,\boxed{\frac{27}{2}\ln\frac32-3}, \end{align*}

as required.