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CIE 9709 2025 November Paper 65 Q4

A Level / CIE / S2

CIE 9709 2025 Nov Paper 65 Paper · Question 4

题目

Problem

A sports fan produces a magazine each month.

(a) On average 11 in 540540 characters in the magazine is incorrect.

(i) Use an appropriate approximating distribution to find the probability that, in a magazine containing 24302430 characters, there are at least 44 incorrect characters.

(3)

(ii) Justify your approximating distribution.

(1)

(b) On average the number of copies, XX, of the magazine sold per month is 123.4123.4.

(i) State one condition for XX to have a Poisson distribution.

(1)

You are now given that XX has a Poisson distribution.

(ii) Use an appropriate approximating distribution to find the probability that in a randomly chosen month, more than 130130 copies of the magazine are sold.

(5)
题目中文翻译

一名体育迷每月制作一期杂志。

(a) 杂志中平均每 540540 个字符有 11 个错字。

(i) 用一个合适的近似分布,求含有 24302430 个字符的一期杂志中至少有 44 个错字的概率。

(3)

(ii) 说明选用该近似分布的理由。

(1)

(b) 这份杂志每月的销量 XX 平均为 123.4123.4 册。

(i) 写出 XX 服从泊松分布的一个条件。

(1)

现已知 XX 服从泊松分布。

(ii) 用一个合适的近似分布,求在随机选取的一个月中售出超过 130130 册杂志的概率。

(5)
原卷通用作答要求

Answer all questions. You should use a calculator where appropriate.

You must show all necessary working clearly; no marks will be given for unsupported answers from a calculator.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place for angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.

请回答所有题目。适当时应使用计算器。必须清楚展示所有必要的计算过程;仅给出计算器答案而没有过程,不予评分。除非题目另有精度要求,非精确数值答案保留 3 位有效数字,以度为单位的角度保留 1 位小数。

解答

(a)(i)

解法一

思路

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大量字符且单个字符错误概率很小,使用 Poisson 近似;至少四个用一减去零到三个的概率。

答题过程

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For the 24302430 characters, use the approximation

N≈Po(2430×1540)=Po(4.5).N\approx\mathrm{Po}\bigg(2430\times\frac1{540}\bigg)=\mathrm{Po}(4.5).

Then

P(N≥4)≈ 1−e−4.5(1+4.5) −e−4.5(4.522!+4.533!)≈ 0.658.\begin{align*} \mathrm P(N\ge4) \approx&\,1-\mathrm e^{-4.5}(1+4.5)\\[4mm] &\,-\mathrm e^{-4.5}\bigg(\frac{4.5^2}{2!}+\frac{4.5^3}{3!}\bigg)\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{0.658}. \end{align*}

(a)(ii)

解法一

思路

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说明近似条件时要代入本题的数值,而不只写“nn 大、pp 小”。

答题过程

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The Poisson approximation is suitable because n=2430>50\boxed{n=2430>50} and p=1/540≈0.00185\boxed{p=1/540\approx0.00185} is small. Also np=4.5<5np=4.5<5.

(b)(i)

解法一

思路

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给出一个与杂志销售相关的 Poisson 条件,例如每次销售相互独立。

答题过程

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One condition is that sales of copies of the magazine occur independently.

(b)(ii)

解法一

思路

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Poisson 参数 123.4123.4 较大,可用同均值同方差的正态近似,并把超过一百三十本的边界修正到 130.5130.5。

答题过程

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Since X∼Po(123.4)X\sim\mathrm{Po}(123.4) and 123.4>15123.4>15, use Y∼N(123.4,123.4)Y\sim\mathrm N(123.4,123.4) as an approximation.

With a continuity correction,

P(X>130)= P(X≥131)≈ P(Y>130.5)= 1−Φ(130.5−123.4123.4)= 1−Φ(0.63915…)≈ 0.261.\begin{align*} \mathrm P(X>130) =&\,\mathrm P(X\ge131)\\[4mm] \approx&\,\mathrm P(Y>130.5)\\[4mm] =&\,1-\Phi\bigg(\frac{130.5-123.4}{\sqrt{123.4}}\bigg)\\[4mm] =&\,1-\Phi(0.63915\ldots)\\[4mm] \approx&\,\boxed{0.261}. \end{align*}