Skip to content
CalcGospel 國際數學圖譜
返回

IAL 2019 May FP1 Q2

A Level / Edexcel / FP1

IAL 2019 May Paper · Question 2

Question

Problem

The matrix MM is given by

M=(k1234k)M=\begin{pmatrix}k-12&3\\4&k\end{pmatrix}

where kk is a real constant.

The transformation represented by the matrix MM transforms hexagon RR to hexagon SS.

The area of hexagon RR is 20 square units and the area of hexagon SS is 320 square units.

Find the possible values of kk.

(5)

中文翻译

矩阵 MM 由下式给出

M=(k1234k)M=\begin{pmatrix}k-12&3\\4&k\end{pmatrix}

其中 kk 是一个实常数。

矩阵 MM 所表示的变换将六边形 RR 变换为六边形 SS

六边形 RR 的面积为 20 平方单位,六边形 SS 的面积为 320 平方单位。

kk 的可能值。

(5)

解答

解法一

思路

展开

二维线性变换使面积乘以 detM|\det M|。面积从 2020 变为 320320,所以面积比例为 1616,即 detM=16|\det M|=16。绝对值意味着行列式可以是 161616-16,两种情况都要分别求解。

答题过程

展开

The area scale factor is

32020=16.\frac{320}{20}=16.

For a two-dimensional transformation, the area scale factor is detM|\det M|. Now

detM=(k12)k3(4)=k212k12.\begin{align*} \det M =&\,(k-12)k-3(4) \\ =&\,k^2-12k-12. \end{align*}

Hence

k212k12=16.|k^2-12k-12|=16.

First, if

k212k12=16,k^2-12k-12=16,

then

k212k28=0,(k14)(k+2)=0.\begin{align*} k^2-12k-28=&\,0, \\ (k-14)(k+2)=&\,0. \end{align*}

Thus

k=14ork=2.k=14 \qquad\text{or}\qquad k=-2.

Second, if

k212k12=16,k^2-12k-12=-16,

then

k212k+4=0.k^2-12k+4=0.

Using the quadratic formula,

k=12±(12)24(1)(4)2=12±1282=6±42.\begin{align*} k=&\,\frac{12\pm\sqrt{(-12)^2-4(1)(4)}}{2} \\ =&\,\frac{12\pm\sqrt{128}}{2} \\ =&\,6\pm4\sqrt2. \end{align*}

Therefore, the possible values are

k=14, 2, 6+42, 642.\boxed{k=14,\ -2,\ 6+4\sqrt2,\ 6-4\sqrt2}.