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IAL 2026 Jan FP1 Q4

A Level / Edexcel / FP1

IAL 2026 Jan Paper · Question 4

Question

Problem

The parabola CC has equation y2=8xy^2 = 8x.

The line ll passes through the focus of CC, has gradient 815\dfrac{8}{15}, meets CC at the point GG where y>0y > 0 and meets CC at the point HH where y<0y < 0.

(a) Determine the coordinates of GG and the coordinates of HH.

(6)

The midpoint of the line segment GHGH is MM.

(b) Determine the shortest distance from MM to the directrix of CC.

(2)

中文翻译

抛物线 CC 的方程为 y2=8xy^2 = 8x

直线 ll 经过 CC 的焦点,斜率为 815\dfrac{8}{15},与 CC 相交于 y>0y > 0 的点 GGy<0y < 0 的点 HH

(a) 确定 GGHH 的坐标。

(6)

线段 GHGH 的中点为 MM

(b) 确定 MMCC 的准线的最短距离。

(2)

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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y2=8xy^2=8x 与标准式 y2=4axy^2=4ax 比较,先确定焦点。用焦点和已知斜率写出直线方程,再把 xx 表示成 yy 并代入抛物线,得到关于 yy 的二次方程。

答题过程

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Comparing y2=8xy^2=8x with y2=4axy^2=4ax gives a=2a=2, so the focus is (2,0)(2,0).

The equation of ll is therefore

y=815(x2).y=\frac8{15}(x-2).

Rearranging this equation,

8x=15y+16.8x=15y+16.

Since y2=8xy^2=8x, the yy-coordinates of the points of intersection satisfy

y2=15y+16y215y16=0(y+1)(y16)=0.\begin{align*} y^2=&\,15y+16\\ y^2-15y-16=&\,0\\ (y+1)(y-16)=&\,0. \end{align*}

Thus y=1y=-1 or y=16y=16. Using x=y28x=\dfrac{y^2}{8} gives the corresponding xx-coordinates 18\dfrac18 and 3232.

Since GG has y>0y>0 and HH has y<0y<0,

G=(32,16),H=(18,1).\boxed{G=(32,16),\qquad H=\left(\frac18,-1\right)}.

解法二

思路

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官方评分资料也接受消去 yy。把直线写成 y=815x1615y=\frac8{15}x-\frac{16}{15},平方后与 y2=8xy^2=8x 联立,直接求两个交点的横坐标。

答题过程

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As above, the line has equation

y=815x1615.y=\frac8{15}x-\frac{16}{15}.

Substituting this into y2=8xy^2=8x gives

(8x1615)2=8x.\left(\frac{8x-16}{15}\right)^2=8x.

Hence,

64x2256x+256=1800x8x2257x+32=0(8x1)(x32)=0.\begin{align*} 64x^2-256x+256=&\,1800x\\ 8x^2-257x+32=&\,0\\ (8x-1)(x-32)=&\,0. \end{align*}

Therefore, x=18x=\dfrac18 or x=32x=32. Substitution into the line equation gives y=1y=-1 and y=16y=16, respectively. Hence,

G=(32,16),H=(18,1).\boxed{G=(32,16),\qquad H=\left(\frac18,-1\right)}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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抛物线 y2=4axy^2=4ax 的准线是 x=a=2x=-a=-2。先求中点 MM 的横坐标;由于准线是竖直线,最短距离就是两者横坐标之差。

答题过程

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The xx-coordinate of the midpoint MM is

xM=32+182=25716.x_M=\frac{32+\frac18}{2}=\frac{257}{16}.

The directrix of y2=8xy^2=8x is x=2x=-2. Therefore, the shortest distance from MM to the directrix is

xM(2)=25716+2=28916.\begin{align*} x_M-(-2) =&\,\frac{257}{16}+2\\ =&\,\boxed{\frac{289}{16}}. \end{align*}