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IAL 2026 Jan FP1 Q7

A Level / Edexcel / FP1

IAL 2026 Jan Paper · Question 7

Question

Problem

z=3+k3i2+3iz = \dfrac{3 + k\sqrt{3}\,\mathrm{i}}{2 + \sqrt{3}\,\mathrm{i}}

where kZk \in \mathbb{Z}.

(a) Express zz in the form a+bia + bi where aa and bb are real functions of kk.

(3)

Given that argz=π6\arg z = \dfrac{\pi}{6}

(b) determine the exact value of z|z|.

(5)

中文翻译

z=3+k3i2+3iz = \dfrac{3 + k\sqrt{3}\,\mathrm{i}}{2 + \sqrt{3}\,\mathrm{i}}

其中 kZk \in \mathbb{Z}

(a) 将 zz 表示为 a+bia + bi 的形式,其中 aabbkk 的实函数。

(3)

已知 argz=π6\arg z = \dfrac{\pi}{6}

(b) 确定 z|z| 的精确值。

(5)

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

分子、分母同乘分母的共轭复数 23i2-\sqrt3\,\mathrm{i},使分母变成实数 7。展开分子后分别合并实部与虚部。

答题过程

展开

Multiplying the numerator and denominator by the complex conjugate of the denominator,

z=3+k3i2+3i×23i23i=633i+2k3i+3k4+3=6+3k7+3(2k3)7i.\begin{align*} z =&\,\frac{3+k\sqrt3\,\mathrm{i}} {2+\sqrt3\,\mathrm{i}} \times \frac{2-\sqrt3\,\mathrm{i}} {2-\sqrt3\,\mathrm{i}}\\ =&\,\frac{6-3\sqrt3\,\mathrm{i} +2k\sqrt3\,\mathrm{i}+3k}{4+3}\\ =&\,\boxed{ \frac{6+3k}{7} +\frac{\sqrt3(2k-3)}{7}\,\mathrm{i} }. \end{align*}

Thus

a=6+3k7,b=3(2k3)7.a=\frac{6+3k}{7}, \qquad b=\frac{\sqrt3(2k-3)}{7}.

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

argz=π6\arg z=\frac\pi6 可知 ba=tanπ6=13\frac ba=\tan\frac\pi6=\frac1{\sqrt3}。代入 (a) 的实部、虚部求出 kk,再写出 zz 并计算模长。

答题过程

展开

Since argz=π6\arg z=\dfrac\pi6,

Im(z)Re(z)=tanπ6=13.\frac{\operatorname{Im}(z)}{\operatorname{Re}(z)} =\tan\frac\pi6 =\frac1{\sqrt3}.

Using part (a),

3(2k3)6+3k=13.\frac{\sqrt3(2k-3)}{6+3k} =\frac1{\sqrt3}.

Therefore,

3(2k3)=6+3k6k9=6+3kk=5.\begin{align*} 3(2k-3)=&\,6+3k\\ 6k-9=&\,6+3k\\ k=&\,5. \end{align*}

Substituting k=5k=5 into the result from part (a),

z=3+3i.z=3+\sqrt3\,\mathrm{i}.

Hence,

z=32+(3)2=12=23.\begin{align*} |z| =&\,\sqrt{3^2+(\sqrt3)^2}\\ =&\,\sqrt{12}\\ =&\,\boxed{2\sqrt3}. \end{align*}

解法二

思路

展开

官方评分资料还接受直接把 zz 写成模辐角形式。设 z=R|z|=R,利用已知辐角写出实部、虚部,再与 (a) 的结果分别比较并消去 kk

答题过程

展开

Let z=R|z|=R. Since argz=π6\arg z=\dfrac\pi6,

z=R(cosπ6+isinπ6)=3R2+R2i.\begin{align*} z =&\,R\left(\cos\frac\pi6 +\mathrm{i}\sin\frac\pi6\right)\\ =&\,\frac{\sqrt3R}{2}+\frac R2\,\mathrm{i}. \end{align*}

Comparing this with the result from part (a) gives

6+3k7=3R2\frac{6+3k}{7}=\frac{\sqrt3R}{2}

and

3(2k3)7=R2.\frac{\sqrt3(2k-3)}{7}=\frac R2.

The first equation gives

k=73R62.k=\frac{7\sqrt3R}{6}-2.

Substituting this into the second equation,

3[2(73R62)3]=7R27R73=7R2.\begin{align*} \sqrt3\left[ 2\left(\frac{7\sqrt3R}{6}-2\right)-3 \right] =&\,\frac{7R}{2}\\ 7R-7\sqrt3=&\,\frac{7R}{2}. \end{align*}

Hence,

z=R=23.\boxed{|z|=R=2\sqrt3}.