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IAL 2023 Jan Q5

A Level / Edexcel / FP2

IAL 2023 Jan Paper · Question 5

In this question you must show all stages of your working.

Solutions relying entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.

Use algebra to determine the set of values of xx for which

x29x+8>62x\begin{align*} \frac{x^2 - 9}{|x + 8|} >\,& 6 - 2x\\[2mm] \end{align*}
(6)

解答

Given the inequality:

x29x+8>62x\begin{align*} \frac{x^2-9}{|x+8|} > &\,6-2x \end{align*}

A critical value occurs where the denominator is zero, so x=8x = -8. Since x+8>0|x+8| > 0 for all x8x \neq -8, we can multiply both sides by x+8|x+8| without flipping the inequality sign.

Case 1: x>8x > -8 Here, x+8=x+8|x+8| = x+8. The inequality becomes:

x29>(x+8)(62x)x29>6x2x2+4816xx29>2x210x+483x2+10x57>0\begin{align*} x^2 - 9 > &\,(x+8)(6-2x)\\[4mm] x^2 - 9 > &\,6x - 2x^2 + 48 - 16x\\[4mm] x^2 - 9 > &\,-2x^2 - 10x + 48\\[4mm] 3x^2 + 10x - 57 > &\,0 \end{align*}

Factorising the quadratic:

(3x+19)(x3)>0\begin{align*} (3x + 19)(x - 3) > &\,0 \end{align*}

The critical values are x=193x = -\frac{19}{3} and x=3x = 3. This quadratic is positive for x<193x < -\frac{19}{3} or x>3x > 3. Since we are in the case x>8x > -8, the valid regions are 8<x<193-8 < x < -\frac{19}{3} or x>3x > 3.

Case 2: x<8x < -8 Here, x+8=(x+8)|x+8| = -(x+8). The inequality becomes:

x29>(x+8)(62x)x29>(x8)(62x)x29>6x+2x248+16xx29>2x2+10x480>x2+10x39x2+10x39<0\begin{align*} x^2 - 9 > &\,-(x+8)(6-2x)\\[4mm] x^2 - 9 > &\,(-x-8)(6-2x)\\[4mm] x^2 - 9 > &\,-6x + 2x^2 - 48 + 16x\\[4mm] x^2 - 9 > &\,2x^2 + 10x - 48\\[4mm] 0 > &\,x^2 + 10x - 39\\[4mm] x^2 + 10x - 39 < &\,0 \end{align*}

Factorising the quadratic:

(x+13)(x3)<0\begin{align*} (x + 13)(x - 3) < &\,0 \end{align*}

The critical values are x=13x = -13 and x=3x = 3. This quadratic is negative for 13<x<3-13 < x < 3. Since we are in the case x<8x < -8, the valid region is 13<x<8-13 < x < -8.

Conclusion Combining the valid regions from both cases, the set of values for xx is:

13<x<8or8<x<193orx>3\begin{align*} -13 < x < -8 \quad \text{or} \quad -8 < x < -\frac{19}{3} \quad \text{or} \quad x > 3 \end{align*}