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IAL 2026 Jan FP3 Q5

A Level / Edexcel / FP3

IAL 2026 Jan Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

Figure 2

In this question you must show all stages of your working.

Solutions relying on calculator technology are not acceptable.

Figure 2 shows a sketch of the curve C defined by the parametric equations

x=cosh2ty=4sinht0t32x = \cosh 2t \qquad y = 4\sinh t \qquad 0 \le t \le \frac{3}{2}

(a) Show that

(dxdt)2+(dydt)2=mcoshnt\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2 = m\cosh^n t

where mm and nn are integers to be determined.

(b) Use algebraic integration to determine the exact length of C.

Give the answer in the form a+sinhba + \sinh b where aa and bb are integers to be found.

(c) Use algebraic integration to determine the exact area of the surface formed when C is rotated through 360° about the x-axis.

Give the answer in simplest form in terms of hyperbolic functions.

(5)
(3)
(4)
题目中文翻译

图 2

在本题中,你必须写出所有解题步骤。

不能依赖计算器技术求解。

图 2 展示了曲线 C 的草图,其参数方程为

x=cosh2ty=4sinht0t32x = \cosh 2t \qquad y = 4\sinh t \qquad 0 \le t \le \frac{3}{2}

(a) 证明

(dxdt)2+(dydt)2=mcoshnt\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2 = m\cosh^n t

其中 mmnn 为待定整数。

(b) 用代数积分求曲线 C 的精确长度。

答案写成 a+sinhba + \sinh b 的形式,其中 aabb 为待求整数。

(c) 用代数积分求曲线 C 绕 x 轴旋转 360° 所形成曲面的精确面积。

答案用双曲函数表示,并化到最简形式。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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先分别求参数方程关于 tt 的导数。平方相加后,用 sinh2t=2sinhtcosht\sinh 2t=2\sinh t\cosh t,再以 sinh2t+1=cosh2t\sinh^2t+1=\cosh^2t 合并成单项式,由此读出 m,nm,n

答题过程

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Differentiating with respect to tt,

dxdt=2sinh2t\frac{dx}{dt}=2\sinh 2t

and

dydt=4cosht.\frac{dy}{dt}=4\cosh t.

Hence

(dxdt)2+(dydt)2=4sinh22t+16cosh2t=16sinh2tcosh2t+16cosh2t=16cosh2t(sinh2t+1)=16cosh4t.\begin{align*} \left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 +\left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2 =&\,4\sinh^2 2t+16\cosh^2t\\ =&\,16\sinh^2t\cosh^2t+16\cosh^2t\\ =&\,16\cosh^2t(\sinh^2t+1)\\ =&\,16\cosh^4t. \end{align*}

Therefore,

m=16,n=4.\boxed{m=16,\qquad n=4}.

(b)

解法一

思路

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参数曲线弧长为 (dx/dt)2+(dy/dt)2dt\int\sqrt{(dx/dt)^2+(dy/dt)^2}\,dt。由 (a),平方根在给定区间上是 4cosh2t4\cosh^2t;再用二倍角公式 2cosh2t=1+cosh2t2\cosh^2t=1+\cosh2t 化成可直接积分的形式。

答题过程

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Using the result from part (a), the length of CC is

L=03/2(dxdt)2+(dydt)2dt=03/24cosh2tdt=03/22(1+cosh2t)dt=[2t+sinh2t]03/2=3+sinh3.\begin{align*} L =&\,\int_0^{3/2} \sqrt{\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 +\left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2}\,dt\\ =&\,\int_0^{3/2}4\cosh^2t\,dt\\ =&\,\int_0^{3/2}2(1+\cosh2t)\,dt\\ =&\,\left[2t+\sinh2t\right]_0^{3/2}\\ =&\,\boxed{3+\sinh3}. \end{align*}

Thus a=3a=3 and b=3b=3.

(c)

解法一

思路

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曲线绕 xx 轴旋转的曲面面积为 2πyds2\pi\int y\,ds。代入 y=4sinhty=4\sinh t 和 (a) 得到的 ds/dt=4cosh2tds/dt=4\cosh^2t,被积函数含 sinhtcosh2t\sinh t\cosh^2t,令 u=coshtu=\cosh t 即可直接积分。

答题过程

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The surface area formed by rotation about the xx-axis is

S=2π03/2y(dxdt)2+(dydt)2dt.S=2\pi\int_0^{3/2} y\sqrt{\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^2 +\left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^2}\,dt.

Therefore,

S=2π03/2(4sinht)(4cosh2t)dt=32π03/2sinhtcosh2tdt=32π3[cosh3t]03/2=32π3(cosh3321).\begin{align*} S =&\,2\pi\int_0^{3/2} (4\sinh t)(4\cosh^2t)\,dt\\ =&\,32\pi\int_0^{3/2} \sinh t\cosh^2t\,dt\\ =&\,\frac{32\pi}{3} \left[\cosh^3t\right]_0^{3/2}\\ =&\,\boxed{\frac{32\pi}{3} \left(\cosh^3\frac32-1\right)}. \end{align*}