题目
3.
A particle of mass is placed on a fixed rough inclined plane. The plane is inclined to the horizontal at an angle , where . The particle is held in equilibrium by a force of magnitude newtons, which acts up the plane, as shown in Figure 1. The line of action of the force lies in a vertical plane that contains a line of greatest slope of the plane.
The coefficient of friction between the particle and the plane is .
(a) Find the normal reaction between the particle and the plane.
(b) Find the greatest possible value of .
(c) Find the least possible value of .
题目中文翻译
一个质量为 的质点放在固定粗糙斜面上。斜面与水平面成 角,其中 。如图 1 所示,一个沿斜面向上、大小为 牛顿的力使质点保持平衡。该力的作用线位于包含斜面一条最大坡度线的竖直平面内。
质点与斜面之间的摩擦系数为 。
(a) 求质点与斜面之间的法向反作用力。
(b) 求 的最大可能值。
(c) 求 的最小可能值。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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外力 平行斜面,没有垂直于斜面的分量。法向反作用力只需平衡重力的垂直分量。
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Since and is acute,
Resolving perpendicular to the plane,
(b)
解法一
思路
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当 最大时,质点恰好要向上滑动,摩擦力沿斜面向下,且达到极限值。
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For the greatest , friction acts down the plane at its limiting value,
Resolving parallel to the plane,
(c)
解法一
思路
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当 最小时,质点恰好要向下滑动,摩擦力沿斜面向上,帮助 平衡重力分量。
答题过程
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At the minimum force, limiting friction acts up the plane. Thus
Hence .