题目
1.
Two particles, and , are moving towards each other in opposite directions along the same straight line when they collide directly. Immediately before the collision the speed of is . The mass of is and the magnitude of the impulse exerted by on in the collision is .
Find
(a) the speed of immediately after the collision,
(b) the direction of motion of immediately after the collision.
题目中文翻译
两个质点 和 沿同一直线相向运动,并发生正碰。碰撞前一瞬间, 的速率为 。 的质量为 ,碰撞过程中 对 施加的冲量大小为 。
求
(a) 碰撞后瞬间 的速率,
(b) 碰撞后瞬间 的运动方向。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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以 碰撞前的方向为正。相向碰撞时, 给 的冲量与 原运动方向相反,所以冲量应带负号。
答题过程
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Take the initial direction of as positive, and let its final velocity be . The impulse on acts opposite to its initial motion.
Using impulse equals change in momentum,
Hence the speed is .
(b)
解法一
思路
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上一问得到正速度,说明 没有反向;其速率虽然变小,运动方向保持不变。
答题过程
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Since , continues in the same direction as before the collision.