题目
7.
A simple lift operates by means of a vertical cable which is attached to the top of the lift.
The lift has mass .
A box is placed on the floor of the lift.
A box is placed directly on top of box , as shown in Figure 4.
The cable is modelled as being light and inextensible and air resistance is modelled as being negligible.
The tension in the cable is .
The lift and its contents move vertically upwards with acceleration .
Using the model,
(a) find, in terms of , the combined mass of boxes and .
During the motion of the lift, the force exerted on box by box is .
Using the model,
(b) find, in terms of , the mass of box .
题目中文翻译
一部简易电梯通过连接在其顶部的竖直缆绳运行。
电梯的质量为 。
箱子 放在电梯地板上。
如图 4 所示,箱子 直接放在箱子 上方。
将缆绳视为轻且不可伸长的绳,将空气阻力视为可忽略。
缆绳中的张力为 。
电梯及其所载物体以加速度 竖直向上运动。
利用该模型,
(a) 用 表示箱子 和 的总质量。
电梯运动过程中,箱子 对箱子 施加的力为 。
利用该模型,
(b) 用 表示箱子 的质量。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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把电梯和两箱子作为整体,内部接触力抵消。未知量只设为两箱子总质量,别漏掉电梯自身的质量。
答题过程
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Let the combined mass of boxes and be . The total moving mass is .
Taking upwards as positive for the whole system,
(b)
解法一
思路
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只研究最上面的箱子 ,它受到向上的接触力和向下的重力,加速度与电梯相同。
答题过程
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Let the mass of box be . Taking upwards as positive,