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M1 2023 Jan Q7

A Level / Edexcel / M1

IAL 2023 Jan Paper · Question 7

题目

Problem

7.

A simple lift operates by means of a vertical cable which is attached to the top of the lift.

The lift has mass mm.

A box QQ is placed on the floor of the lift.

A box PP is placed directly on top of box QQ, as shown in Figure 4.

The cable is modelled as being light and inextensible and air resistance is modelled as being negligible.

The tension in the cable is 42mg5\frac{42mg}{5}.

The lift and its contents move vertically upwards with acceleration 2g5\frac{2g}{5}.

Using the model,

(a) find, in terms of mm, the combined mass of boxes PP and QQ.

(4)

During the motion of the lift, the force exerted on box PP by box QQ is 14mg5\frac{14mg}{5}.

Using the model,

(b) find, in terms of mm, the mass of box PP.

(3)
题目中文翻译

一部简易电梯通过连接在其顶部的竖直缆绳运行。

电梯的质量为 mm。

箱子 QQ 放在电梯地板上。

如图 4 所示,箱子 PP 直接放在箱子 QQ 上方。

将缆绳视为轻且不可伸长的绳,将空气阻力视为可忽略。

缆绳中的张力为 42mg5\frac{42mg}{5}。

电梯及其所载物体以加速度 2g5\frac{2g}{5} 竖直向上运动。

利用该模型,

(a) 用 mm 表示箱子 PP 和 QQ 的总质量。

(4)

电梯运动过程中,箱子 QQ 对箱子 PP 施加的力为 14mg5\frac{14mg}{5}。

利用该模型,

(b) 用 mm 表示箱子 PP 的质量。

(3)

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

把电梯和两箱子作为整体,内部接触力抵消。未知量只设为两箱子总质量,别漏掉电梯自身的质量。

答题过程

展开

Let the combined mass of boxes PP and QQ be MM. The total moving mass is m+Mm+M.

Taking upwards as positive for the whole system,

42mg5−(m+M)g= (m+M)2g5,42m= 7(m+M),m+M= 6m,M= 5m.\begin{align*} \frac{42mg}{5}-(m+M)g=&\,(m+M)\frac{2g}{5},\\ 42m=&\,7(m+M),\\ m+M=&\,6m,\\ M=&\,\boxed{5m}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

只研究最上面的箱子 PP,它受到向上的接触力和向下的重力,加速度与电梯相同。

答题过程

展开

Let the mass of box PP be pp. Taking upwards as positive,

14mg5−pg= p2g5,14m= 7p,p= 2m.\begin{align*} \frac{14mg}{5}-pg=&\,p\frac{2g}{5},\\ 14m=&\,7p,\\ p=&\,\boxed{2m}. \end{align*}