题目
6.
Figure 4 shows a rough plane inclined at an angle to the horizontal, where
The points and lie on a line of greatest slope of the plane, with above .
A package of mass is projected up the plane from towards .
The coefficient of friction between the plane and the package is
The package is modelled as a particle.
(a) Show that the deceleration of , as it moves from to , is
The package comes to rest at .
Given that is projected from with speed and that ,
(b) find the value of .
On reaching , is held at rest there by a force of magnitude newtons acting up the plane in the direction .
Given that the mass of is ,
(c) find the smallest possible value of .
题目中文翻译
图 4 所示的粗糙斜面与水平面成 角,其中 。
和 两点位于斜面的一条最大坡度线上, 在 上方。
将质量为 的包裹 从 向 沿斜面向上投射。
斜面与包裹之间的摩擦系数为 。
将包裹 视为质点。
(a) 证明 从 运动至 时的减速度为 。
包裹 在 静止。
已知 从 投射时的速率为 ,且 ,
(b) 求 的值。
到达 后,一个大小为 牛顿、沿 方向顺斜面向上的力使 保持静止在该处。
已知 的质量为 ,
(c) 求 的最小可能值。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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上滑时摩擦和重力沿斜面的分量都向下。先求支持力及摩擦,最后说明向上的加速度为负,而减速度大小为正。
答题过程
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From ,
Resolving perpendicular to the plane,
While moves up the plane, friction acts down the plane with magnitude
Taking up the plane as positive, its acceleration satisfies
Thus the deceleration is , as required.
(b)
解法一
思路
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从初速 上滑 1.5 m 后瞬时静止,沿上坡方向的加速度为 。
答题过程
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Using ,
Therefore
(c)
解法一
思路
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保持静止的最小上拉力对应即将下滑,摩擦力此时向上,与刚才上滑时方向相反。沿斜面方向的外力不改变支持力。
答题过程
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For the smallest , the package is on the point of slipping down the plane, so limiting friction acts up the plane.
With mass 2 kg,
Resolving along the plane in equilibrium,
Hence