题目
2.
The point lies on a smooth horizontal floor between two fixed smooth parallel vertical walls and , as shown in the plan view in Figure 1. The distance between and is . The distance of from is . A particle is projected from along the floor with speed towards in a direction perpendicular to .
The coefficient of restitution between the particle and each wall is
The time taken for the particle to move from , bounce off each wall once and return to for the first time is
(a) Find in terms of and .
The ball returns to for the first time after bouncing off each wall once. The further time taken for the particle to move from , bounce off each wall once and return to for the second time is
(b) Find in terms of and .
题目中文翻译
如图 1 的俯视图所示, 点位于两面固定、光滑、相互平行的竖直墙 与 之间的光滑水平地面上。 与 之间的距离为 。 到 的距离为 。 从 点沿地面以速率 ,沿垂直于 的方向向 发射一个质点。
质点与每面墙之间的恢复系数均为 。
质点从 出发,分别从每面墙反弹一次后第一次回到 所用的时间为 。
(a) 用 和 表示 。
小球分别从每面墙反弹一次后第一次回到 。 质点再次从 出发,分别从每面墙反弹一次后第二次回到 ,额外所用的时间为 。
(b) 用 和 表示 。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
展开
按题目指定的完整路线 ,三段路程分别为 、、。每次撞固定墙后,速率乘 ;中途仅经过 而尚未碰两面墙,不是本问指定的完整返回路线。
答题过程
展开
For the route specified in the question, the particle travels from to , then to , then back to .
The speeds on these three stages are respectively
The corresponding distances are , and . Therefore
Simplifying,
Hence
(b)
解法一
思路
展开
完成上述路线后,质点在 的运动方向与最初相同,但速率变成 。下一次完整往返路线完全相同,时间按速率的倒数放大; 是额外时间,不是从最初起算的总时间。
答题过程
展开
At the end of the first specified round trip, the particle is again at moving towards , with speed .
The next round trip follows the same sequence of distances, so replace in (a) by :
Thus the further time is