Since the speed function is continuous at the joining time t=k, its two expressions must agree there:
2k+1=43k.
Squaring gives
2k+1=169k2,9k2−32k−16=0.
Factorising,
(9k+4)(k−4)=0.
Thus k=−4/9 or k=4. The joining time must satisfy k≥0, so the negative root is rejected. Also, it would give a negative right-hand side in the original equation.
For k=4, both speed expressions give 9=3=(3/4)(4), verifying continuity. Therefore
k=4.
(b)
解法一
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1.5<4,所以使用根式这一段。完整展示链式求导和代入,最后给精确分数。
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For 0≤t≤4,
v=(2t+1)1/2.
Therefore
a=dtdv=21(2t+1)−1/2(2)=2t+11.
At t=1.5,
a=2(3/2)+11=41.
Hence
a=21 m s−2.
(c)
解法一
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全程速率为正,运动方向不反转,所以到 O 的距离等于两段速率积分之和。两段积分均展示原函数、上下限与手算值,不能把第二段的 18 当成总距离。
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The speed is positive throughout 0≤t≤8, so there is no reversal of motion. Since P starts at O, its distance from O is
D=∫042t+1dt+∫4843tdt.
For the first interval, the chain rule gives
∫(2t+1)1/2dt=31(2t+1)3/2+C.
Thus
D1=[31(2t+1)3/2]04=393/2−13/2,D1=327−1=326 m.