题目
Problem
5.
A particle P of mass 0.5kg is moving with velocity 6ims−1 in the xy plane.
The particle receives an impulse (ai+bj)Ns, where a and b are constants.
As a result of the impulse, the direction of motion of P is deflected through 45∘
The impulse has magnitude 232Ns.
Find the two possible impulses, giving your answers in terms of i and j.
(8)
题目中文翻译
质量为 0.5kg 的质点 P 在 xy 平面内以速度 6ims−1 运动。
质点受到冲量 (ai+bj)Ns,其中 a、b 为常数。
冲量使 P 的运动方向偏转 45∘。
冲量大小为 232Ns。
求两个可能的冲量,用 i 和 j 表示答案。
(8)
解答
解法一
思路
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偏转 45° 可以在初方向的上方或下方,因此末速度的两个分量大小相等,水平分量为正。用冲量等于动量变化,再用已知冲量大小求末速度。
答题过程
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Since the initial direction is the positive x direction, write the final velocity as
v=λi±λj,λ>0.
The two signs represent deflections through 45∘ above or below the initial direction. The impulse is
I=21(v−6i)=(2λ−3)i±2λj.
Using its magnitude,
(2λ−3)2+(2λ)2=(232)2,
2λ2−3λ+9=29,
λ2−6λ+9=0,(λ−3)2=0.
Thus λ=3, and the two possible impulses are
(−23i+23j) N sand(−23i−23j) N s.