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IAL 2021 June Q1

A Level / Edexcel / P1

IAL 2021 June Paper · Question 1

题目

Problem

The curve CC has equation

y=x23+4x+83x5,x>0.\begin{align*} y=\frac{x^2}{3}+\frac4{\sqrt{x}}+\frac8{3x}-5, \qquad x>0. \end{align*}

(a) Find dydx\dfrac{dy}{dx}, giving your answer in simplest form.

(4)

The point P(4,3)P(4,3) lies on CC.

(b) Find the equation of the normal to CC at the point PP. Write your answer in the form ax+by+c=0ax+by+c=0, where aa, bb and cc are integers to be found.

(4)

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

先把根号和分式写成指数形式,再逐项求导。

答题过程

展开 y=13x2+4x1/2+83x15.\begin{align*} y =&\,\frac13x^2+4x^{-1/2}+\frac83x^{-1}-5. \end{align*}

Therefore

dydx=23x+4(12)x3/2+83(1)x2=23x2x3/283x2.\begin{align*} \frac{dy}{dx} =&\,\frac23x+4\left(-\frac12\right)x^{-3/2} +\frac83(-1)x^{-2}\\ =&\,\frac23x-2x^{-3/2}-\frac83x^{-2}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

先代入 x=4x=4 求切线斜率,再取负倒数得到法线斜率。最后用点 P(4,3)P(4,3) 写直线方程。

答题过程

展开

At x=4x=4,

dydx=23(4)2(4)3/283(4)2=832(18)83(116)=831416=94.\begin{align*} \frac{dy}{dx} =&\,\frac23(4)-2(4)^{-3/2}-\frac83(4)^{-2}\\ =&\,\frac83-2\left(\frac18\right)-\frac83\left(\frac1{16}\right)\\ =&\,\frac83-\frac14-\frac16\\ =&\,\frac94. \end{align*}

So the gradient of the normal is

49.\begin{align*} -\frac49. \end{align*}

Using P(4,3)P(4,3),

y3=49(x4)9y27=4x+164x+9y43=0.\begin{align*} y-3=&\,-\frac49(x-4)\\ 9y-27=&\,-4x+16\\ 4x+9y-43=&\,0. \end{align*}