题目
Problem
Figure 1 shows the plan for a garden.
Figure 1
In the plan
- OA and CD are perpendicular to OD
- AB is an arc of the circle with centre O and radius 4 metres
- BC is parallel to OD
- OD is 6 metres, OA is 4 metres and CD is 1.5 metres
(a) Show that angle AOB is 1.186 radians to 4 significant figures.
(2)
(b) Find the perimeter of the garden, giving your answer in metres to 3 significant figures.
(4)
(c) Find the area of the garden, giving your answer in square metres to 3 significant figures.
(4)
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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点 B 在半径为 4 的圆上,且 BC 水平,所以 B 的高度与 C 相同,都是 1.5。在直角三角形中,OB=4,竖直高度是 1.5。可先求 ∠BOD,再用 2π−∠BOD 得到 ∠AOB。
答题过程
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Since BC is parallel to OD, point B has height 1.5 above OD.
In the right triangle with hypotenuse OB=4,
sin∠BOD=41.5.
So
∠AOB===2π−sin−1(41.5)1.186…1.186
to 4 significant figures.
(b)
解法一
思路
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周长由 OA、弧 AB、BC、CD、DO 组成。弧长用 rθ,而 BC 可由 D 到 B 的水平距离算出。
答题过程
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The arc length AB is
4(1.186…)=4.744….
The horizontal distance from O to B is
42−1.52=3.708….
Hence
BC==6−3.708…2.291….
Therefore the perimeter is
4+4.744…+2.291…+1.5+6==18.535…18.5 m
to 3 significant figures.
(c)
解法一
思路
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花园面积可以拆成扇形 OAB 加上四边形 OBCD。四边形 OBCD 是一个宽为 6、高为 1.5 的矩形减去右上方的直角三角形。
答题过程
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Area of sector OAB:
21(4)2(1.186…)=9.491….
For OBCD, use the rectangle of area 6(1.5) and subtract the triangle with base 3.708… and height 1.5:
Area of OBCD==6(1.5)−21(3.708…)(1.5)6.218….
So the total area is
9.491…+6.218…==15.710…15.7 m2
to 3 significant figures.