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IAL 2025 Jan Q5

A Level / Edexcel / P1

IAL 2025 Jan Paper · Question 5

题目

Problem

In this question you must show all stages of your working. Solutions relying on calculator technology are not acceptable.

The curve CC has equation

y=4x3+2x+9,x>0.\begin{align*} y=4x^3+\frac2x+9,\qquad x>0. \end{align*}

(a) Find dydx\dfrac{dy}{dx}, giving your answer in simplest form.

(2)

Given that

  • the point PP lies on CC
  • the line with equation y=k5xy=k-5x, where kk is a constant, is the tangent to CC at PP

(b) show that the xx coordinate of PP satisfies the equation

12x4+5x22=0\begin{align*} 12x^4+5x^2-2=0 \end{align*}
(2)

(c) Hence find the value of kk.

(4)

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

2x\frac2x 写成 2x12x^{-1},再逐项微分。

答题过程

展开 y=4x3+2x1+9.\begin{align*} y=&\,4x^3+2x^{-1}+9. \end{align*}

Therefore

dydx=12x22x2=12x22x2.\begin{align*} \frac{dy}{dx} =&\,12x^2-2x^{-2}\\ =&\,12x^2-\frac{2}{x^2}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

切线 y=k5xy=k-5x 的斜率是 5-5。因此在点 PP,曲线的导数等于 5-5。把 (a) 的导数令为 5-5,再整理即可。

答题过程

展开

Since the tangent has gradient 5-5,

12x22x2=5.\begin{align*} 12x^2-\frac{2}{x^2}=&\,-5. \end{align*}

Multiply by x2x^2:

12x42=5x2.\begin{align*} 12x^4-2=&\,-5x^2. \end{align*}

Bring all terms to one side:

12x4+5x22=0.\begin{align*} 12x^4+5x^2-2=0. \end{align*}

This is the required equation.

(c)

解法一

思路

展开

先解 (b) 的方程。令 u=x2u=x^2,得到二次方程;因为 x>0x>0,最后只取正的 xx。然后求点 PPyy 坐标,再代入切线 y=k5xy=k-5xkk

答题过程

展开

Let

u=x2.\begin{align*} u=x^2. \end{align*}

Then

12u2+5u2=0(4u1)(3u+2)=0.\begin{align*} 12u^2+5u-2=&\,0\\ (4u-1)(3u+2)=&\,0. \end{align*}

Since u=x2>0u=x^2>0,

x2=14.\begin{align*} x^2=\frac14. \end{align*}

Because x>0x>0,

x=12.\begin{align*} x=\frac12. \end{align*}

Find the yy coordinate on the curve:

y=4(12)3+21/2+9=12+4+9=272.\begin{align*} y =&\,4\left(\frac12\right)^3+\frac{2}{1/2}+9\\ =&\,\frac12+4+9\\ =&\,\frac{27}{2}. \end{align*}

Now use the tangent equation y=k5xy=k-5x:

272=k5(12)272=k52k=16.\begin{align*} \frac{27}{2}=&\,k-5\left(\frac12\right)\\ \frac{27}{2}=&\,k-\frac52\\ k=&\,16. \end{align*}