题目
Problem
In this question you must show all stages of your working.
Solutions relying entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.
The curve C has equation
y=x2−k
where k is a positive constant.
(a) Sketch the graph of C.
Show on your sketch
- the coordinates of any points of intersection of C with the coordinate axes
- the equation of the horizontal asymptote to C
stating each in terms of k.
(3)
The line l has equation y=−kx−6.
Given that l intersects C at 2 distinct points,
(b) find the range of possible values of k.
(5)
题目中文翻译
本题必须写出全部计算步骤。完全依赖计算器技术的解答不予接受。
曲线 C 的方程为
y=x2−k
其中 k 为正常数。
(a) 画出曲线 C 的草图。
在草图上标出:
- C 与坐标轴的所有交点坐标;
- C 的水平渐近线方程。
以上均须用 k 表示。
(3)
直线 l 的方程为 y=−kx−6。
已知 l 与 C 相交于两个不同的点。
(b) 求 k 的可能取值范围。
(5)
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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y=x2−k 是 y=x2 向下平移 k。因此水平渐近线是 y=−k。与 x 轴交点令 y=0;没有 y 轴交点,因为 x=0 不在定义域内。
答题过程
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The horizontal asymptote is
y=−k.
For the x-intercept, set y=0:
x2−k=x2=x=0kk2.
So the curve intersects the x-axis at
(k2,0).
There is no y-intercept because x=0 is not allowed.
A completed sketch is:
(b)
解法一
思路
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两条图像有两个不同交点,等价于联立后关于 x 的二次方程有两个不同实根。因此判别式要大于 0。同时题目给出 k>0。
答题过程
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At intersections,
−kx−6=x2−k.
Multiply by x:
−kx2−6x=2−kx.
Bring all terms to one side:
kx2+(6−k)x+2=0.
For two distinct intersections,
Δ>0.
So
(6−k)2−4(k)(2)k2−12k+36−8kk2−20k+36>0>0>0.
Factorise:
k2−20k+36=(k−2)(k−18).
Since the quadratic is positive outside its roots,
k<2ork>18.
Given k>0,
0<k<2ork>18.