题目
Problem
The shaded area in Figure 2 shows the plan view of a helicopter landing pad.
The area consists of the major sector AOB of a circle centre O joined to a triangle AOC.
Given that
- AO=OB=15 m
- BC=2 m
- CBO is a straight line
- angle ACO=0.6 radians
(a) show that angle COA is 1.847 radians to 3 decimal places.
(3)
(b) Find the total area of the helicopter landing pad.
Give your answer in m2 to 3 significant figures.
(3)
(c) Find the perimeter of the helicopter landing pad.
Give your answer in metres to 3 significant figures.
(3)
题目中文翻译
图 2 中的阴影区域为直升机停机坪的平面图。
该区域由以 O 为圆心的优弧扇形 AOB 与三角形 AOC 拼合而成。
已知
- AO=OB=15 m
- BC=2 m
- CBO 是一条直线
- 角 ACO=0.6 弧度
(a) 证明角 COA 为 1.847 弧度(精确到小数点后 3 位)。
(b) 求直升机停机坪的总面积,答案以 m2 为单位,并保留 3 位有效数字。
(c) 求直升机停机坪的周长,答案以米为单位,并保留 3 位有效数字。
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
展开
因为 C,B,O 在同一直线上,OC=OB+BC=17。在三角形 AOC 中,已知 AO=15,OC=17,以及 ∠ACO=0.6。先用正弦定理求 ∠CAO,再用三角形内角和求 ∠COA。
答题过程
展开
Since CBO is a straight line,
OC=OB+BC=15+2=17.
In triangle AOC, using the sine rule,
17sin∠CAO=15sin0.6.
So
sin∠CAO==1517sin0.60.6399…
Therefore
∠CAO=0.6944…
Now
∠COA===π−0.6−0.6944…1.8471…1.847 radians.
解法二
思路
展开
也可以先设 AC=y,用余弦定理建立关于 y 的二次方程。选取符合图形的较大正根后,再用正弦定理求角 COA;由于图中该角为钝角,要取反正弦所得锐角的补角。
答题过程
展开
Let AC=y. Since OC=17, the cosine rule in triangle AOC gives
152=y2−34ycos0.6+64=y2+172−2(y)(17)cos0.60.
Solving this quadratic,
y=228.061…±23.053….
The larger root agrees with the diagram, so
AC=25.557… m.
Let ∠COA=θ. By the sine rule,
25.557…sinθ=sinθ=15sin0.60.9620…
Since θ is obtuse,
θ===π−arcsin(0.9620…)1.8471…1.847 radians
(b)
解法一
思路
展开
总面积由大扇形 AOB 和三角形 AOC 组成。由于 ∠AOB=∠COA=1.847,大扇形的圆心角是 2π−1.847。
答题过程
展开
The angle of the major sector is
2π−1.847.
Area of the major sector:
21r2θ==21(15)2(2π−1.847)499.08…
Area of triangle AOC:
21(15)(17)sin1.847=122.72…
So the total area is
499.08…+122.72…==621.80…622 m2.
(c)
解法一
思路
展开
周长由大扇形弧长、线段 AC 和 BC 组成。先用余弦定理求 AC。
答题过程
展开
The major arc length is
15(2π−1.847)=66.54…
Using the cosine rule in triangle AOC,
AC2==152+172−2(15)(17)cos1.847653.13…
So
AC=25.55…
Therefore the perimeter is
66.54…+25.55…+2==94.09…94.1 m.
解法二
思路
展开
由 (a) 已知 ∠COA=1.847…,可直接在三角形 AOC 中用正弦定理求 AC,再加上优弧 AB 与 BC 的长度。
答题过程
展开
By the sine rule in triangle AOC,
sin1.847…AC=AC==sin0.615sin0.615sin1.847…25.55… m.
The major arc has length
15(2π−1.847…)=66.54… m.
Hence the perimeter is
66.54…+25.55…+2==94.09…94.1 m.