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P1 2025 May Q6

A Level / Edexcel / P1

IAL 2025 May Paper · Question 6

题目

Problem

The shaded area in Figure 2 shows the plan view of a helicopter landing pad.

The area consists of the major sector AOBAOB of a circle centre OO joined to a triangle AOCAOC.

Given that

  • AO=OB=15 mAO=OB=15\text{ m}
  • BC=2 mBC=2\text{ m}
  • CBOCBO is a straight line
  • angle ACO=0.6ACO=0.6 radians

(a) show that angle COACOA is 1.8471.847 radians to 33 decimal places.

(3)

(b) Find the total area of the helicopter landing pad. Give your answer in m2\text{m}^2 to 33 significant figures.

(3)

(c) Find the perimeter of the helicopter landing pad. Give your answer in metres to 33 significant figures.

(3)
题目中文翻译

图 2 中的阴影区域为直升机停机坪的平面图。

该区域由以 OO 为圆心的优弧扇形 AOBAOB 与三角形 AOCAOC 拼合而成。

已知

  • AO=OB=15 mAO=OB=15\text{ m}
  • BC=2 mBC=2\text{ m}
  • CBOCBO 是一条直线
  • 角 ACO=0.6ACO=0.6 弧度

(a) 证明角 COACOA 为 1.8471.847 弧度(精确到小数点后 33 位)。

(b) 求直升机停机坪的总面积,答案以 m2\text{m}^2 为单位,并保留 33 位有效数字。

(c) 求直升机停机坪的周长,答案以米为单位,并保留 33 位有效数字。

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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因为 C,B,OC,B,O 在同一直线上,OC=OB+BC=17OC=OB+BC=17。在三角形 AOCAOC 中,已知 AO=15AO=15,OC=17OC=17,以及 ∠ACO=0.6\angle ACO=0.6。先用正弦定理求 ∠CAO\angle CAO,再用三角形内角和求 ∠COA\angle COA。

答题过程

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Since CBOCBO is a straight line,

OC=OB+BC=15+2=17.\begin{align*} OC=OB+BC=15+2=17. \end{align*}

In triangle AOCAOC, using the sine rule,

sin⁡∠CAO17= sin⁡0.615.\begin{align*} \frac{\sin\angle CAO}{17} =&\,\frac{\sin0.6}{15}. \end{align*}

So

sin⁡∠CAO= 17sin⁡0.615= 0.6399…\begin{align*} \sin\angle CAO =&\,\frac{17\sin0.6}{15}\\ =&\,0.6399\ldots \end{align*}

Therefore

∠CAO=0.6944…\begin{align*} \angle CAO=0.6944\ldots \end{align*}

Now

∠COA= π−0.6−0.6944…= 1.8471…= 1.847 radians.\begin{align*} \angle COA =&\,\pi-0.6-0.6944\ldots\\ =&\,1.8471\ldots\\ =&\,1.847\text{ radians}. \end{align*}

解法二

思路

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也可以先设 AC=yAC=y,用余弦定理建立关于 yy 的二次方程。选取符合图形的较大正根后,再用正弦定理求角 COACOA;由于图中该角为钝角,要取反正弦所得锐角的补角。

答题过程

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Let AC=yAC=y. Since OC=17OC=17, the cosine rule in triangle AOCAOC gives

152= y2+172−2(y)(17)cos⁡0.6y2−34ycos⁡0.6+64= 0.\begin{align*} 15^2=&\,y^2+17^2-2(y)(17)\cos0.6\\ y^2-34y\cos0.6+64=&\,0. \end{align*}

Solving this quadratic,

y= 28.061…±23.053…2.\begin{align*} y=&\,\frac{28.061\ldots\pm23.053\ldots}{2}. \end{align*}

The larger root agrees with the diagram, so

AC=25.557… m.\begin{align*} AC=25.557\ldots\text{ m}. \end{align*}

Let ∠COA=θ\angle COA=\theta. By the sine rule,

sin⁡θ25.557…= sin⁡0.615sin⁡θ= 0.9620…\begin{align*} \frac{\sin\theta}{25.557\ldots}=&\,\frac{\sin0.6}{15}\\ \sin\theta=&\,0.9620\ldots \end{align*}

Since θ\theta is obtuse,

θ= π−arcsin⁡(0.9620…)= 1.8471…= 1.847 radians\begin{align*} \theta=&\,\pi-\arcsin(0.9620\ldots)\\ =&\,1.8471\ldots\\ =&\,1.847\text{ radians} \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

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总面积由大扇形 AOBAOB 和三角形 AOCAOC 组成。由于 ∠AOB=∠COA=1.847\angle AOB=\angle COA=1.847,大扇形的圆心角是 2π−1.8472\pi-1.847。

答题过程

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The angle of the major sector is

2π−1.847.\begin{align*} 2\pi-1.847. \end{align*}

Area of the major sector:

12r2θ= 12(15)2(2π−1.847)= 499.08…\begin{align*} \frac12r^2\theta =&\,\frac12(15)^2(2\pi-1.847)\\ =&\,499.08\ldots \end{align*}

Area of triangle AOCAOC:

12(15)(17)sin⁡1.847= 122.72…\begin{align*} \frac12(15)(17)\sin1.847 =&\,122.72\ldots \end{align*}

So the total area is

499.08…+122.72…= 621.80…= 622 m2.\begin{align*} 499.08\ldots+122.72\ldots=&\,621.80\ldots\\ =&\,622\text{ m}^2. \end{align*}

(c)

解法一

思路

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周长由大扇形弧长、线段 ACAC 和 BCBC 组成。先用余弦定理求 ACAC。

答题过程

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The major arc length is

15(2π−1.847)=66.54…\begin{align*} 15(2\pi-1.847)=66.54\ldots \end{align*}

Using the cosine rule in triangle AOCAOC,

AC2= 152+172−2(15)(17)cos⁡1.847= 653.13…\begin{align*} AC^2 =&\,15^2+17^2-2(15)(17)\cos1.847\\ =&\,653.13\ldots \end{align*}

So

AC=25.55…\begin{align*} AC=25.55\ldots \end{align*}

Therefore the perimeter is

66.54…+25.55…+2= 94.09…= 94.1 m.\begin{align*} 66.54\ldots+25.55\ldots+2=&\,94.09\ldots\\ =&\,94.1\text{ m}. \end{align*}

解法二

思路

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由 (a) 已知 ∠COA=1.847…\angle COA=1.847\ldots,可直接在三角形 AOCAOC 中用正弦定理求 ACAC,再加上优弧 ABAB 与 BCBC 的长度。

答题过程

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By the sine rule in triangle AOCAOC,

ACsin⁡1.847…= 15sin⁡0.6AC= 15sin⁡1.847…sin⁡0.6= 25.55… m.\begin{align*} \frac{AC}{\sin1.847\ldots}=&\,\frac{15}{\sin0.6}\\ AC=&\,\frac{15\sin1.847\ldots}{\sin0.6}\\ =&\,25.55\ldots\text{ m}. \end{align*}

The major arc has length

15(2π−1.847…)=66.54… m.\begin{align*} 15(2\pi-1.847\ldots)=66.54\ldots\text{ m}. \end{align*}

Hence the perimeter is

66.54…+25.55…+2= 94.09…= 94.1 m.\begin{align*} 66.54\ldots+25.55\ldots+2 =&\,94.09\ldots\\ =&\,94.1\text{ m}. \end{align*}