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P1 2025 Oct A Q8

A Level / Edexcel / P1

IAL 2025 Oct A Paper · Question 8

题目

Problem

Figure 4 shows a sketch of the graph of y=g(x)y=g(x), −3⩽x⩽4-3\leqslant x\leqslant4 and part of the line ll with equation y=12xy=\dfrac12x.

The graph of y=g(x)y=g(x) consists of three line segments, from P(−3,4)P(-3,4) to Q(0,4)Q(0,4), from Q(0,4)Q(0,4) to R(2,0)R(2,0) and from R(2,0)R(2,0) to S(4,10)S(4,10).

The line ll intersects y=g(x)y=g(x) at the points AA and BB as shown in Figure 4.

(a) Use algebra to find the xx coordinate of the point AA and the xx coordinate of the point BB. Show each step of your working and give your answers as exact fractions.

(6)

(b) Sketch the graph with equation

y=32g(x),−3⩽x⩽4\begin{align*} y=\frac32g(x), \qquad -3\leqslant x\leqslant4 \end{align*}

On your sketch show the coordinates of the points to which PP, QQ, RR and SS are transformed.

(2)
题目中文翻译

图 4 显示了 y=g(x)y=g(x)(−3⩽x⩽4-3\leqslant x\leqslant4)的图像示意图,以及方程为 y=12xy=\dfrac12x 的直线 ll 的一部分。

y=g(x)y=g(x) 的图像由三条线段组成:从 P(−3,4)P(-3,4) 到 Q(0,4)Q(0,4)、从 Q(0,4)Q(0,4) 到 R(2,0)R(2,0),以及从 R(2,0)R(2,0) 到 S(4,10)S(4,10)。

如图 4 所示,直线 ll 与 y=g(x)y=g(x) 相交于点 AA 和 BB。

(a) 使用代数方法求点 AA 的 xx 坐标和点 BB 的 xx 坐标。写出每一步过程,并将答案写成精确分数。(6 分)

(b) 作出方程

y=32g(x),−3⩽x⩽4\begin{align*} y=\frac32g(x), \qquad -3\leqslant x\leqslant4 \end{align*}

的图像。在图上标出点 PP、QQ、RR 和 SS 变换后各点的坐标。(2 分)

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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交点 AA 在 QRQR 上,交点 BB 在 RSRS 上。先分别求这两段直线的方程,再与 y=12xy=\frac12x 联立。

答题过程

展开

For line segment QRQR, using Q(0,4)Q(0,4) and R(2,0)R(2,0), the gradient is

0−42−0=−2.\begin{align*} \frac{0-4}{2-0}=-2. \end{align*}

So the equation of QRQR is

y=−2x+4.\begin{align*} y=-2x+4. \end{align*}

At AA,

12x= −2x+452x= 4x= 85.\begin{align*} \frac12x=&\,-2x+4\\ \frac52x=&\,4\\ x=&\,\frac85. \end{align*}

For line segment RSRS, using R(2,0)R(2,0) and S(4,10)S(4,10), the gradient is

10−04−2=5.\begin{align*} \frac{10-0}{4-2}=5. \end{align*}

So the equation of RSRS is

y=5x−10.\begin{align*} y=5x-10. \end{align*}

At BB,

12x= 5x−1092x= 10x= 209.\begin{align*} \frac12x=&\,5x-10\\ \frac92x=&\,10\\ x=&\,\frac{20}{9}. \end{align*}

Therefore

xA=85,xB=209.\begin{align*} x_A=\frac85,\qquad x_B=\frac{20}{9}. \end{align*}

(b)

解法一

思路

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y=32g(x)y=\frac32g(x) 是竖直方向放大 32\frac32 倍,所以所有 xx 坐标不变,所有 yy 坐标乘以 32\frac32。折线形状保持为三段直线。

答题过程

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Under

y=32g(x),\begin{align*} y=\frac32g(x), \end{align*}

the xx coordinates stay the same and the yy coordinates are multiplied by 32\dfrac32.

Thus

P(−3,4)↦P′(−3,6),Q(0,4)↦Q′(0,6),R(2,0)↦R′(2,0),S(4,10)↦S′(4,15).\begin{align*} P(-3,4)&\mapsto P'(-3,6),\\ Q(0,4)&\mapsto Q'(0,6),\\ R(2,0)&\mapsto R'(2,0),\\ S(4,10)&\mapsto S'(4,15). \end{align*}

The sketch should join these four transformed points with straight line segments.

A completed sketch is: