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IAL 2025 Oct Q7

A Level / Edexcel / P1

IAL 2025 Oct Paper · Question 7

题目

Problem

In this question you must show all stages of your working. Solutions relying entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.

Figure 2 shows the plan view of a design for a swimming pool.

Figure 2

The design consists of a sector POSPOS of a circle centre OO joined to a major sector QORTQQORTQ of a different circle, also with centre OO.

Given that

  • angle POSPOS is 1.651.65 radians
  • the area of sector POSPOS is 3030 m2^2
  • PQ=2.8PQ=2.8 m

(a) show that, to 3 significant figures, OQ=8.83OQ=8.83 m.

(3)

(b) Find the total surface area of the swimming pool in m2^2 to the nearest integer.

(3)

(c) Find the total perimeter of the swimming pool in metres to 2 significant figures.

(3)

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

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先用小扇形 POSPOS 的面积求半径 OPOP。因为 P,Q,OP,Q,O 在同一直线上,并且 PQ=2.8PQ=2.8,所以 OQ=OP+PQOQ=OP+PQ

答题过程

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Let

OP=r.\begin{align*} OP=r. \end{align*}

Using the sector area formula,

12r2(1.65)=30r2=601.65r=6.030\begin{align*} \frac12r^2(1.65)=&\,30\\ r^2=&\,\frac{60}{1.65}\\ r=&\,6.030\ldots \end{align*}

Since PQ=2.8PQ=2.8,

OQ=OP+PQ=6.030+2.8=8.830\begin{align*} OQ=&\,OP+PQ\\ =&\,6.030\ldots+2.8\\ =&\,8.830\ldots \end{align*}

Therefore

OQ=8.83 m\begin{align*} OQ=8.83\text{ m} \end{align*}

to 3 significant figures.

解法二

思路

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代数方程整体求解法。 除了先计算小半径 OP=rOP = r 再加 2.82.8 得到大半径 OQOQ 的分步法外,我们也可以直接设大半径为未知数 R=OQR = OQ。 因为 P,Q,OP, Q, O 在同一直线上且 PQ=2.8PQ = 2.8,所以小半径即为 OP=R2.8OP = R - 2.8。 利用小扇形 POSPOS 面积为 3030 的条件,我们可以直接列出关于 RR 的一元二次方程:

12(R2.8)2×1.65=30\begin{align*} \frac{1}{2}(R - 2.8)^2 \times 1.65 = 30 \end{align*}

通过直接求解该方程,可一步得到大半径 RR 的值。该方法在代数结构上更加紧凑、一气呵成。

答题过程

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Let the radius of the major sector be R=OQR = OQ. Since PQ=2.8PQ = 2.8 m and PP, QQ, OO lie on a straight line, the radius of the minor sector is:

OP=R2.8.\begin{align*} OP = R - 2.8. \end{align*}

Using the area of sector POSPOS:

12(R2.8)2(1.65)=30.\begin{align*} \frac{1}{2}(R - 2.8)^2(1.65) =&\,\, 30. \end{align*}

Solve for RR:

(R2.8)2=601.65R2.8=601.65R2.8=6.030R=6.030+2.8=8.830\begin{align*} (R - 2.8)^2 =&\,\, \frac{60}{1.65}\\[3mm] R - 2.8 =&\,\, \sqrt{\frac{60}{1.65}}\\[3mm] R - 2.8 =&\,\, 6.030\ldots\\[3mm] R =&\,\, 6.030\ldots + 2.8\\[3mm] =&\,\, 8.830\ldots \end{align*}

Therefore:

OQ=8.83 m\begin{align*} OQ =&\,\, 8.83\text{ m} \end{align*}

to 3 significant figures.

(b)

解法一

思路

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总面积等于小扇形 POSPOS 的面积加上大圆的优弧扇形 QORTQQORTQ 面积。大扇形的圆心角是 2π1.652\pi-1.65

答题过程

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The angle of the major sector is

2π1.65.\begin{align*} 2\pi-1.65. \end{align*}

Using OQ=8.830OQ=8.830\ldots,

total area=30+12(8.830)2(2π1.65)=210.631\begin{align*} \text{total area} =&\,30+\frac12(8.830\ldots)^2(2\pi-1.65)\\ =&\,210.631\ldots \end{align*}

Therefore the total surface area is

211 m2\begin{align*} 211\text{ m}^2 \end{align*}

to the nearest integer.

(c)

解法一

思路

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周长由小扇形的弧 PSPS、大扇形的优弧 QRTQRT,以及两段直线 PQPQSTST 组成。两段直线长度都等于 2.82.8

答题过程

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The arc length PSPS is

6.030(1.65).\begin{align*} 6.030\ldots(1.65). \end{align*}

The major arc length QRTQRT is

8.830(2π1.65).\begin{align*} 8.830\ldots(2\pi-1.65). \end{align*}

So the total perimeter is

6.030(1.65)+8.830(2π1.65)+2(2.8)=56.461\begin{align*} &\,6.030\ldots(1.65)\\ &\,\hspace{2pt}+8.830\ldots(2\pi-1.65)\\ &\,\hspace{4pt}+2(2.8)\\ =&\,56.461\ldots \end{align*}

Therefore the perimeter is

56 m\begin{align*} 56\text{ m} \end{align*}

to 2 significant figures.