题目
Problem
Given that , and are integers greater than 0 such that
prove, by exhaustion, that the product is always a multiple of 4.
You may use the table below to illustrate your answer.
(3)
题目中文翻译
已知 、、 是正整数,且满足:
用穷举法证明 一定是4的倍数。
可以使用下表来说明你的答案。
(3分)
解答
解法一
思路
穷举证明题。由 代入 ,得到 。因为 都是正整数, 只能取 ,逐一验证即可。
答题过程
Given , substitute into :
a + b + (3a + 1) =&\, 15 \\ 4a + b + 1 =&\, 15 \\ b =&\, 14 - 4a \end{align*}$$ Since $a, b, c$ are positive integers: - $a \geqslant 1$ - $b = 14 - 4a \geqslant 1 \Rightarrow a \leqslant 3$ Therefore $a$ can only take the values $1, 2, 3$. Check each case: | $a$ | $b = 14 - 4a$ | $c = 3a + 1$ | $abc$ | |-----|---------------|--------------|-------| | 1 | 10 | 4 | 40 | | 2 | 6 | 7 | 84 | | 3 | 2 | 10 | 60 | $$\begin{align*} 40 =&\, 4 \times 10 \\ 84 =&\, 4 \times 21 \\ 60 =&\, 4 \times 15 \end{align*}$$ All values of $abc$ are multiples of 4. $\quad \blacksquare$