题目
Problem
In this question you must show all stages of your working.
Solutions relying entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.
(a) Solve, for 0<θ⩽360°, the equation
2tanθ+3sinθ=0
giving your answers, as appropriate, to one decimal place.
(5)
(b) Hence, or otherwise, find the smallest positive solution of
2tan(2x+40°)+3sin(2x+40°)=0
giving your answer to one decimal place.
(2)
题目中文翻译
本题必须展示所有解题步骤,不能完全依赖计算器技术。
(a) 解方程 2tanθ+3sinθ=0,其中 0<θ⩽360°;适当时,答案保留一位小数。
(5分)
(b) 由此或用其他方法,求 2tan(2x+40°)+3sin(2x+40°)=0 的最小正解,答案保留一位小数。
(2分)
解答
(a)
解法一
思路
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将 tanθ=cosθsinθ 代入并提取公因子,分别解正弦为零与余弦为 −32,注意范围与象限。
答题过程
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Solve 2tanθ+3sinθ=0 for 0<θ⩽360°:
2⋅cosθsinθ+3sinθ=sinθ(cosθ2+3)=sinθ(cosθ2+3cosθ)=000
Since tanθ is defined, cosθ=0. So sinθ=0 or 2+3cosθ=0.
Case 1: sinθ=0
θ=180∘,360∘.
Exclude θ=0∘ because the interval requires θ>0.
Case 2: cosθ=−32
Let α=cos−1(−2/3)=131.810314896…∘. Cosine is negative in quadrants II and III, giving α and 360∘−α:
θ≈131.8∘,228.2∘.
θ=131.8∘,180∘,228.2∘,360∘.
同一因式条件也可由 sinθ=tanθcosθ 得到:
tanθ(2+3cosθ)=0.
分别解 tanθ=0 与 cosθ=−32,得到同样的四个角。
(b)
解法一
思路
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令 ϕ=2x+40∘,利用 (a) 的角度。因为 x>0,应取大于 40∘ 的最小解角;保留未舍入角度再计算。
答题过程
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Let ϕ=2x+40∘. Then the equation becomes the one in part (a).
For x>0, ϕ>40∘. The smallest solution angle above 40∘ is α=cos−1(−2/3), using its unrounded value.
2x+40∘=x==α2α−40∘45.905157448…∘.
Hence, to one decimal place,
x=45.9∘.