Skip to content
CalcGospel 國際數學圖譜
返回

P2 2024 May R Q2

A Level / Edexcel / P2

IAL 2024 May (R) Paper · Question 2

题目

Problem

The table shows corresponding values of xx and yy for a continuous curve with equation y=f(x)y=\text{f}(x) between x=−4x=-4 and x=5x=5, where aa is a constant.

xy−44.16−2.52.91−1a0.51.7321.373.51.4352.28\begin{array}{c|c} x&y\\\hline -4&4.16\\ -2.5&2.91\\ -1&a\\ 0.5&1.73\\ 2&1.37\\ 3.5&1.43\\ 5&2.28 \end{array}

The trapezium rule is used with all the yy values in the table to find an approximation for

∫−45f(x) dx\begin{align*} \int_{-4}^{5}\text{f}(x)\,\mathrm{d}x \end{align*}

Given that the value of this approximation is 19.319.3

(a) find the value of the constant aa to 3 significant figures.

(3)

(b) Use the given answer of 19.319.3 to find an approximate value for

∫−45(2f(x)−3)dx\begin{align*} \int_{-4}^{5}\big(2\text{f}(x)-3\big)\mathrm{d}x \end{align*}
(2)
题目中文翻译

下表给出连续曲线 y=f(x)y=\text{f}(x) 在 x=−4x=-4 到 x=5x=5 之间对应的 xx、yy 值,其中 aa 为常数。

xy−44.16−2.52.91−1a0.51.7321.373.51.4352.28\begin{array}{c|c} x&y\\\hline -4&4.16\\ -2.5&2.91\\ -1&a\\ 0.5&1.73\\ 2&1.37\\ 3.5&1.43\\ 5&2.28 \end{array}

使用表中全部 yy 值,按梯形法则近似计算

∫−45f(x) dx\int_{-4}^{5}\text{f}(x)\,\mathrm{d}x

已知此近似值为 19.319.3。

(a) 求常数 aa 的值,精确到3位有效数字。(3)

(b) 使用给出的结果 19.319.3,求以下积分的近似值。(2)

∫−45(2f(x)−3) dx\int_{-4}^{5}\big(2\text{f}(x)-3\big)\,\mathrm{d}x

解答

(a)

解法一

思路

展开

相邻横坐标间隔为 1.51.5,七个纵坐标对应六个梯形。首尾纵坐标只计一次,中间各项计两次;把给定近似值 19.319.3 代入后解出 aa。

答题过程

展开

The strip width is h=1.5h=1.5. Let II denote the integral. The interior ordinates sum to

J= 2.91+a+1.73+1.37+1.43= 7.44+a.\begin{align*} J=&\,2.91+a+1.73+1.37+1.43\\ =&\,7.44+a. \end{align*}

Using all six strips,

I≈ 1.52[4.16+2J+2.28]= 0.75[21.32+2a].\begin{align*} I\approx&\,\frac{1.5}{2}\big[4.16+2J+2.28\big]\\ =&\,0.75\big[21.32+2a\big]. \end{align*}

The given approximation is 19.319.3, so

15.99+1.5a= 19.31.5a= 3.31a= 331150= 2.206666…≈ 2.21(3 s.f.).\begin{align*} 15.99+1.5a=&\,19.3\\ 1.5a=&\,3.31\\ a=&\,\frac{331}{150}\\ =&\,2.206666\ldots\\ \approx&\,2.21\quad(3\text{ s.f.}). \end{align*}

也可以逐一计算六个梯形的面积再相加;合并相邻梯形的公共纵坐标后,得到的就是上述首尾一次、中间两次的权重。

(b)

解法一

思路

展开

利用积分的线性性质,按题目要求直接使用给定的 19.319.3,不把舍入后的 aa 再代回梯形法则。

答题过程

展开

By linearity,

 ∫−45(2f(x)−3) dx= 2∫−45f(x) dx −3∫−451 dx≈ 2(19.3)−3(5−(−4))= 38.6−27= 11.6.\begin{align*} &\,\int_{-4}^{5}\big(2\text{f}(x)-3\big)\,\mathrm{d}x\\ =&\,2\int_{-4}^{5}\text{f}(x)\,\mathrm{d}x\\ &\,\hspace{2pt}-3\int_{-4}^{5}1\,\mathrm{d}x\\ \approx&\,2(19.3)-3\big(5-(-4)\big)\\ =&\,38.6-27\\ =&\,11.6. \end{align*}